Kohana v3.3.0

system/classes/Arr.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Arr extends Kohana_Arr {}

system/classes/Config.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Config extends Kohana_Config {}

system/classes/Config/File.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Config_File extends Kohana_Config_File {}

system/classes/Config/Group.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+
+class Config_Group extends Kohana_Config_Group {}

system/classes/Controller.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+abstract class Controller extends Kohana_Controller {}

system/classes/Controller/Template.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+abstract class Controller_Template extends Kohana_Controller_Template {}

system/classes/Cookie.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Cookie extends Kohana_Cookie {}

system/classes/Date.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Date extends Kohana_Date {}

system/classes/Debug.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Debug extends Kohana_Debug {}

system/classes/Encrypt.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Encrypt extends Kohana_Encrypt {}

system/classes/Feed.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Feed extends Kohana_Feed {}

system/classes/File.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class File extends Kohana_File {}

system/classes/Form.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Form extends Kohana_Form {}

system/classes/Fragment.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Fragment extends Kohana_Fragment {}

system/classes/HTML.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTML extends Kohana_HTML {}

system/classes/HTTP.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+abstract class HTTP extends Kohana_HTTP {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/300.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_300 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_300 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/301.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_301 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_301 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/302.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_302 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_302 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/303.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_303 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_303 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/304.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_304 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_304 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/305.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_305 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_305 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/307.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_307 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_307 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/400.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_400 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_400 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/401.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_401 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_401 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/402.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_402 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_402 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/403.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_403 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_403 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/404.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_404 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_404 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/405.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_405 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_405 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/406.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_406 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_406 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/407.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_407 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_407 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/408.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_408 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_408 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/409.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_409 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_409 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/410.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_410 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_410 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/411.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_411 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_411 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/412.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_412 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_412 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/413.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_413 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_413 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/414.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_414 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_414 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/415.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_415 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_415 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/416.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_416 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_416 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/417.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_417 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_417 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/500.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_500 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_500 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/501.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_501 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_501 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/502.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_502 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_502 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/503.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_503 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_503 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/504.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_504 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_504 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/505.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Exception_505 extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_505 {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/Expected.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+abstract class HTTP_Exception_Expected extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_Expected {}

system/classes/HTTP/Exception/Redirect.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+abstract class HTTP_Exception_Redirect extends Kohana_HTTP_Exception_Redirect {}

system/classes/HTTP/Header.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class HTTP_Header extends Kohana_HTTP_Header {}

system/classes/HTTP/Message.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+interface HTTP_Message extends Kohana_HTTP_Message {}

system/classes/HTTP/Request.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+interface HTTP_Request extends Kohana_HTTP_Request {}

system/classes/HTTP/Response.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+interface HTTP_Response extends Kohana_HTTP_Response {}

system/classes/I18n.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class I18n extends Kohana_I18n {}

system/classes/Inflector.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Inflector extends Kohana_Inflector {}

system/classes/Kohana.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana extends Kohana_Core {}

system/classes/Kohana/Arr.php

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+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Array helper.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Helpers
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2007-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Arr {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  string  default delimiter for path()
+	 */
+	public static $delimiter = '.';
+
+	/**
+	 * Tests if an array is associative or not.
+	 *
+	 *     // Returns TRUE
+	 *     Arr::is_assoc(array('username' => 'john.doe'));
+	 *
+	 *     // Returns FALSE
+	 *     Arr::is_assoc('foo', 'bar');
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $array  array to check
+	 * @return  boolean
+	 */
+	public static function is_assoc(array $array)
+	{
+		// Keys of the array
+		$keys = array_keys($array);
+
+		// If the array keys of the keys match the keys, then the array must
+		// not be associative (e.g. the keys array looked like {0:0, 1:1...}).
+		return array_keys($keys) !== $keys;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Test if a value is an array with an additional check for array-like objects.
+	 *
+	 *     // Returns TRUE
+	 *     Arr::is_array(array());
+	 *     Arr::is_array(new ArrayObject);
+	 *
+	 *     // Returns FALSE
+	 *     Arr::is_array(FALSE);
+	 *     Arr::is_array('not an array!');
+	 *     Arr::is_array(Database::instance());
+	 *
+	 * @param   mixed   $value  value to check
+	 * @return  boolean
+	 */
+	public static function is_array($value)
+	{
+		if (is_array($value))
+		{
+			// Definitely an array
+			return TRUE;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// Possibly a Traversable object, functionally the same as an array
+			return (is_object($value) AND $value instanceof Traversable);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets a value from an array using a dot separated path.
+	 *
+	 *     // Get the value of $array['foo']['bar']
+	 *     $value = Arr::path($array, 'foo.bar');
+	 *
+	 * Using a wildcard "*" will search intermediate arrays and return an array.
+	 *
+	 *     // Get the values of "color" in theme
+	 *     $colors = Arr::path($array, 'theme.*.color');
+	 *
+	 *     // Using an array of keys
+	 *     $colors = Arr::path($array, array('theme', '*', 'color'));
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $array      array to search
+	 * @param   mixed   $path       key path string (delimiter separated) or array of keys
+	 * @param   mixed   $default    default value if the path is not set
+	 * @param   string  $delimiter  key path delimiter
+	 * @return  mixed
+	 */
+	public static function path($array, $path, $default = NULL, $delimiter = NULL)
+	{
+		if ( ! Arr::is_array($array))
+		{
+			// This is not an array!
+			return $default;
+		}
+
+		if (is_array($path))
+		{
+			// The path has already been separated into keys
+			$keys = $path;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (array_key_exists($path, $array))
+			{
+				// No need to do extra processing
+				return $array[$path];
+			}
+
+			if ($delimiter === NULL)
+			{
+				// Use the default delimiter
+				$delimiter = Arr::$delimiter;
+			}
+
+			// Remove starting delimiters and spaces
+			$path = ltrim($path, "{$delimiter} ");
+
+			// Remove ending delimiters, spaces, and wildcards
+			$path = rtrim($path, "{$delimiter} *");
+
+			// Split the keys by delimiter
+			$keys = explode($delimiter, $path);
+		}
+
+		do
+		{
+			$key = array_shift($keys);
+
+			if (ctype_digit($key))
+			{
+				// Make the key an integer
+				$key = (int) $key;
+			}
+
+			if (isset($array[$key]))
+			{
+				if ($keys)
+				{
+					if (Arr::is_array($array[$key]))
+					{
+						// Dig down into the next part of the path
+						$array = $array[$key];
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						// Unable to dig deeper
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					// Found the path requested
+					return $array[$key];
+				}
+			}
+			elseif ($key === '*')
+			{
+				// Handle wildcards
+
+				$values = array();
+				foreach ($array as $arr)
+				{
+					if ($value = Arr::path($arr, implode('.', $keys)))
+					{
+						$values[] = $value;
+					}
+				}
+
+				if ($values)
+				{
+					// Found the values requested
+					return $values;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					// Unable to dig deeper
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				// Unable to dig deeper
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		while ($keys);
+
+		// Unable to find the value requested
+		return $default;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	* Set a value on an array by path.
+	*
+	* @see Arr::path()
+	* @param array   $array     Array to update
+	* @param string  $path      Path
+	* @param mixed   $value     Value to set
+	* @param string  $delimiter Path delimiter
+	*/
+	public static function set_path( & $array, $path, $value, $delimiter = NULL)
+	{
+		if ( ! $delimiter)
+		{
+			// Use the default delimiter
+			$delimiter = Arr::$delimiter;
+		}
+
+		// Split the keys by delimiter
+		$keys = explode($delimiter, $path);
+
+		// Set current $array to inner-most array path
+		while (count($keys) > 1)
+		{
+			$key = array_shift($keys);
+
+			if (ctype_digit($key))
+			{
+				// Make the key an integer
+				$key = (int) $key;
+			}
+
+			if ( ! isset($array[$key]))
+			{
+				$array[$key] = array();
+			}
+
+			$array = & $array[$key];
+		}
+
+		// Set key on inner-most array
+		$array[array_shift($keys)] = $value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Fill an array with a range of numbers.
+	 *
+	 *     // Fill an array with values 5, 10, 15, 20
+	 *     $values = Arr::range(5, 20);
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $step   stepping
+	 * @param   integer $max    ending number
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function range($step = 10, $max = 100)
+	{
+		if ($step < 1)
+			return array();
+
+		$array = array();
+		for ($i = $step; $i <= $max; $i += $step)
+		{
+			$array[$i] = $i;
+		}
+
+		return $array;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Retrieve a single key from an array. If the key does not exist in the
+	 * array, the default value will be returned instead.
+	 *
+	 *     // Get the value "username" from $_POST, if it exists
+	 *     $username = Arr::get($_POST, 'username');
+	 *
+	 *     // Get the value "sorting" from $_GET, if it exists
+	 *     $sorting = Arr::get($_GET, 'sorting');
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $array      array to extract from
+	 * @param   string  $key        key name
+	 * @param   mixed   $default    default value
+	 * @return  mixed
+	 */
+	public static function get($array, $key, $default = NULL)
+	{
+		return isset($array[$key]) ? $array[$key] : $default;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Retrieves multiple paths from an array. If the path does not exist in the
+	 * array, the default value will be added instead.
+	 *
+	 *     // Get the values "username", "password" from $_POST
+	 *     $auth = Arr::extract($_POST, array('username', 'password'));
+	 *     
+	 *     // Get the value "level1.level2a" from $data
+	 *     $data = array('level1' => array('level2a' => 'value 1', 'level2b' => 'value 2'));
+	 *     Arr::extract($data, array('level1.level2a', 'password'));
+	 *
+	 * @param   array  $array    array to extract paths from
+	 * @param   array  $paths    list of path
+	 * @param   mixed  $default  default value
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function extract($array, array $paths, $default = NULL)
+	{
+		$found = array();
+		foreach ($paths as $path)
+		{
+			Arr::set_path($found, $path, Arr::path($array, $path, $default));
+		}
+
+		return $found;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Retrieves muliple single-key values from a list of arrays.
+	 *
+	 *     // Get all of the "id" values from a result
+	 *     $ids = Arr::pluck($result, 'id');
+	 *
+	 * [!!] A list of arrays is an array that contains arrays, eg: array(array $a, array $b, array $c, ...)
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $array  list of arrays to check
+	 * @param   string  $key    key to pluck
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function pluck($array, $key)
+	{
+		$values = array();
+
+		foreach ($array as $row)
+		{
+			if (isset($row[$key]))
+			{
+				// Found a value in this row
+				$values[] = $row[$key];
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $values;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds a value to the beginning of an associative array.
+	 *
+	 *     // Add an empty value to the start of a select list
+	 *     Arr::unshift($array, 'none', 'Select a value');
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $array  array to modify
+	 * @param   string  $key    array key name
+	 * @param   mixed   $val    array value
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function unshift( array & $array, $key, $val)
+	{
+		$array = array_reverse($array, TRUE);
+		$array[$key] = $val;
+		$array = array_reverse($array, TRUE);
+
+		return $array;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Recursive version of [array_map](http://php.net/array_map), applies one or more
+	 * callbacks to all elements in an array, including sub-arrays.
+	 *
+	 *     // Apply "strip_tags" to every element in the array
+	 *     $array = Arr::map('strip_tags', $array);
+	 *
+	 *     // Apply $this->filter to every element in the array
+	 *     $array = Arr::map(array(array($this,'filter')), $array);
+	 *
+	 *     // Apply strip_tags and $this->filter to every element
+	 *     $array = Arr::map(array('strip_tags',array($this,'filter')), $array);
+	 *
+	 * [!!] Because you can pass an array of callbacks, if you wish to use an array-form callback
+	 * you must nest it in an additional array as above. Calling Arr::map(array($this,'filter'), $array)
+	 * will cause an error.
+	 * [!!] Unlike `array_map`, this method requires a callback and will only map
+	 * a single array.
+	 *
+	 * @param   mixed   $callbacks  array of callbacks to apply to every element in the array
+	 * @param   array   $array      array to map
+	 * @param   array   $keys       array of keys to apply to
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function map($callbacks, $array, $keys = NULL)
+	{
+		foreach ($array as $key => $val)
+		{
+			if (is_array($val))
+			{
+				$array[$key] = Arr::map($callbacks, $array[$key]);
+			}
+			elseif ( ! is_array($keys) OR in_array($key, $keys))
+			{
+				if (is_array($callbacks))
+				{
+					foreach ($callbacks as $cb)
+					{
+						$array[$key] = call_user_func($cb, $array[$key]);
+					}
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					$array[$key] = call_user_func($callbacks, $array[$key]);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $array;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Recursively merge two or more arrays. Values in an associative array
+	 * overwrite previous values with the same key. Values in an indexed array
+	 * are appended, but only when they do not already exist in the result.
+	 *
+	 * Note that this does not work the same as [array_merge_recursive](http://php.net/array_merge_recursive)!
+	 *
+	 *     $john = array('name' => 'john', 'children' => array('fred', 'paul', 'sally', 'jane'));
+	 *     $mary = array('name' => 'mary', 'children' => array('jane'));
+	 *
+	 *     // John and Mary are married, merge them together
+	 *     $john = Arr::merge($john, $mary);
+	 *
+	 *     // The output of $john will now be:
+	 *     array('name' => 'mary', 'children' => array('fred', 'paul', 'sally', 'jane'))
+	 *
+	 * @param   array  $array1      initial array
+	 * @param   array  $array2,...  array to merge
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function merge($array1, $array2)
+	{
+		if (Arr::is_assoc($array2))
+		{
+			foreach ($array2 as $key => $value)
+			{
+				if (is_array($value)
+					AND isset($array1[$key])
+					AND is_array($array1[$key])
+				)
+				{
+					$array1[$key] = Arr::merge($array1[$key], $value);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					$array1[$key] = $value;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			foreach ($array2 as $value)
+			{
+				if ( ! in_array($value, $array1, TRUE))
+				{
+					$array1[] = $value;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (func_num_args() > 2)
+		{
+			foreach (array_slice(func_get_args(), 2) as $array2)
+			{
+				if (Arr::is_assoc($array2))
+				{
+					foreach ($array2 as $key => $value)
+					{
+						if (is_array($value)
+							AND isset($array1[$key])
+							AND is_array($array1[$key])
+						)
+						{
+							$array1[$key] = Arr::merge($array1[$key], $value);
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							$array1[$key] = $value;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					foreach ($array2 as $value)
+					{
+						if ( ! in_array($value, $array1, TRUE))
+						{
+							$array1[] = $value;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $array1;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Overwrites an array with values from input arrays.
+	 * Keys that do not exist in the first array will not be added!
+	 *
+	 *     $a1 = array('name' => 'john', 'mood' => 'happy', 'food' => 'bacon');
+	 *     $a2 = array('name' => 'jack', 'food' => 'tacos', 'drink' => 'beer');
+	 *
+	 *     // Overwrite the values of $a1 with $a2
+	 *     $array = Arr::overwrite($a1, $a2);
+	 *
+	 *     // The output of $array will now be:
+	 *     array('name' => 'jack', 'mood' => 'happy', 'food' => 'tacos')
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $array1 master array
+	 * @param   array   $array2 input arrays that will overwrite existing values
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function overwrite($array1, $array2)
+	{
+		foreach (array_intersect_key($array2, $array1) as $key => $value)
+		{
+			$array1[$key] = $value;
+		}
+
+		if (func_num_args() > 2)
+		{
+			foreach (array_slice(func_get_args(), 2) as $array2)
+			{
+				foreach (array_intersect_key($array2, $array1) as $key => $value)
+				{
+					$array1[$key] = $value;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $array1;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a callable function and parameter list from a string representation.
+	 * Note that this function does not validate the callback string.
+	 *
+	 *     // Get the callback function and parameters
+	 *     list($func, $params) = Arr::callback('Foo::bar(apple,orange)');
+	 *
+	 *     // Get the result of the callback
+	 *     $result = call_user_func_array($func, $params);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $str    callback string
+	 * @return  array   function, params
+	 */
+	public static function callback($str)
+	{
+		// Overloaded as parts are found
+		$command = $params = NULL;
+
+		// command[param,param]
+		if (preg_match('/^([^\(]*+)\((.*)\)$/', $str, $match))
+		{
+			// command
+			$command = $match[1];
+
+			if ($match[2] !== '')
+			{
+				// param,param
+				$params = preg_split('/(?<!\\\\),/', $match[2]);
+				$params = str_replace('\,', ',', $params);
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// command
+			$command = $str;
+		}
+
+		if (strpos($command, '::') !== FALSE)
+		{
+			// Create a static method callable command
+			$command = explode('::', $command, 2);
+		}
+
+		return array($command, $params);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert a multi-dimensional array into a single-dimensional array.
+	 *
+	 *     $array = array('set' => array('one' => 'something'), 'two' => 'other');
+	 *
+	 *     // Flatten the array
+	 *     $array = Arr::flatten($array);
+	 *
+	 *     // The array will now be
+	 *     array('one' => 'something', 'two' => 'other');
+	 *
+	 * [!!] The keys of array values will be discarded.
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $array  array to flatten
+	 * @return  array
+	 * @since   3.0.6
+	 */
+	public static function flatten($array)
+	{
+		$is_assoc = Arr::is_assoc($array);
+
+		$flat = array();
+		foreach ($array as $key => $value)
+		{
+			if (is_array($value))
+			{
+				$flat = array_merge($flat, Arr::flatten($value));
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				if ($is_assoc)
+				{
+					$flat[$key] = $value;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					$flat[] = $value;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return $flat;
+	}
+
+} // End arr

system/classes/Kohana/Config.php

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Wrapper for configuration arrays. Multiple configuration readers can be
+ * attached to allow loading configuration from files, database, etc.
+ *
+ * Configuration directives cascade across config sources in the same way that 
+ * files cascade across the filesystem.
+ *
+ * Directives from sources high in the sources list will override ones from those
+ * below them.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Configuration
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2009-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Config {
+
+	// Configuration readers
+	protected $_sources = array();
+
+	// Array of config groups
+	protected $_groups = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * Attach a configuration reader. By default, the reader will be added as
+	 * the first used reader. However, if the reader should be used only when
+	 * all other readers fail, use `FALSE` for the second parameter.
+	 *
+	 *     $config->attach($reader);        // Try first
+	 *     $config->attach($reader, FALSE); // Try last
+	 *
+	 * @param   Kohana_Config_Source    $source instance
+	 * @param   boolean                 $first  add the reader as the first used object
+	 * @return  $this
+	 */
+	public function attach(Kohana_Config_Source $source, $first = TRUE)
+	{
+		if ($first === TRUE)
+		{
+			// Place the log reader at the top of the stack
+			array_unshift($this->_sources, $source);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// Place the reader at the bottom of the stack
+			$this->_sources[] = $source;
+		}
+
+		// Clear any cached _groups
+		$this->_groups = array();
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Detach a configuration reader.
+	 *
+	 *     $config->detach($reader);
+	 *
+	 * @param   Kohana_Config_Source    $source instance
+	 * @return  $this
+	 */
+	public function detach(Kohana_Config_Source $source)
+	{
+		if (($key = array_search($source, $this->_sources)) !== FALSE)
+		{
+			// Remove the writer
+			unset($this->_sources[$key]);
+		}
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Load a configuration group. Searches all the config sources, merging all the 
+	 * directives found into a single config group.  Any changes made to the config 
+	 * in this group will be mirrored across all writable sources.  
+	 *
+	 *     $array = $config->load($name);
+	 *
+	 * See [Kohana_Config_Group] for more info
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $group  configuration group name
+	 * @return  Kohana_Config_Group
+	 * @throws  Kohana_Exception
+	 */
+	public function load($group)
+	{
+		if ( ! count($this->_sources))
+		{
+			throw new Kohana_Exception('No configuration sources attached');
+		}
+
+		if (empty($group))
+		{
+			throw new Kohana_Exception("Need to specify a config group");
+		}
+
+		if ( ! is_string($group))
+		{
+			throw new Kohana_Exception("Config group must be a string");
+		}
+
+		if (strpos($group, '.') !== FALSE)
+		{
+			// Split the config group and path
+			list($group, $path) = explode('.', $group, 2);
+		}
+
+		if (isset($this->_groups[$group]))
+		{
+			if (isset($path))
+			{
+				return Arr::path($this->_groups[$group], $path, NULL, '.');
+			}
+			return $this->_groups[$group];
+		}
+
+		$config = array();
+
+		// We search from the "lowest" source and work our way up
+		$sources = array_reverse($this->_sources);
+
+		foreach ($sources as $source)
+		{
+			if ($source instanceof Kohana_Config_Reader)
+			{
+				if ($source_config = $source->load($group))
+				{
+					$config = Arr::merge($config, $source_config);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		$this->_groups[$group] = new Config_Group($this, $group, $config);
+
+		if (isset($path))
+		{
+			return Arr::path($config, $path, NULL, '.');
+		}
+
+		return $this->_groups[$group];
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Copy one configuration group to all of the other writers.
+	 * 
+	 *     $config->copy($name);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $group  configuration group name
+	 * @return  $this
+	 */
+	public function copy($group)
+	{
+		// Load the configuration group
+		$config = $this->load($group);
+
+		foreach ($config->as_array() as $key => $value)
+		{
+			$this->_write_config($group, $key, $value);
+		}
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Callback used by the config group to store changes made to configuration
+	 *
+	 * @param string    $group  Group name
+	 * @param string    $key    Variable name
+	 * @param mixed     $value  The new value
+	 * @return Kohana_Config Chainable instance
+	 */
+	public function _write_config($group, $key, $value)
+	{
+		foreach ($this->_sources as $source)
+		{
+			if ( ! ($source instanceof Kohana_Config_Writer))
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+			
+			// Copy each value in the config
+			$source->write($group, $key, $value);
+		}
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+} // End Kohana_Config

system/classes/Kohana/Config/File.php

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * File-based configuration reader. Multiple configuration directories can be
+ * used by attaching multiple instances of this class to [Config].
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Configuration
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2009-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Config_File extends Kohana_Config_File_Reader 
+{
+	// @see Kohana_Config_File_Reader
+}

system/classes/Kohana/Config/File/Reader.php

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * File-based configuration reader. Multiple configuration directories can be
+ * used by attaching multiple instances of this class to [Kohana_Config].
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Configuration
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2009-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Config_File_Reader implements Kohana_Config_Reader {
+
+	/**
+	 * The directory where config files are located
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $_directory = '';
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a new file reader using the given directory as a config source
+	 *
+	 * @param string    $directory  Configuration directory to search
+	 */
+	public function __construct($directory = 'config')
+	{
+		// Set the configuration directory name
+		$this->_directory = trim($directory, '/');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Load and merge all of the configuration files in this group.
+	 *
+	 *     $config->load($name);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $group  configuration group name
+	 * @return  $this   current object
+	 * @uses    Kohana::load
+	 */
+	public function load($group)
+	{
+		$config = array();
+
+		if ($files = Kohana::find_file($this->_directory, $group, NULL, TRUE))
+		{
+			foreach ($files as $file)
+			{
+				// Merge each file to the configuration array
+				$config = Arr::merge($config, Kohana::load($file));
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $config;
+	}
+
+} // End Kohana_Config

system/classes/Kohana/Config/Group.php

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+/**
+ * The group wrapper acts as an interface to all the config directives
+ * gathered from across the system.
+ *
+ * This is the object returned from Kohana_Config::load 
+ *
+ * Any modifications to configuration items should be done through an instance of this object
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Configuration
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaphp.com/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Config_Group extends ArrayObject {
+
+	/**
+	 * Reference the config object that created this group
+	 * Used when updating config
+	 * @var Kohana_Config
+	 */
+	protected $_parent_instance = NULL;
+
+	/**
+	 * The group this config is for
+	 * Used when updating config items
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $_group_name = '';
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructs the group object.  Kohana_Config passes the config group 
+	 * and its config items to the object here.
+	 *
+	 * @param Kohana_Config  $instance "Owning" instance of Kohana_Config
+	 * @param string         $group    The group name
+	 * @param array          $config   Group's config
+	 */
+	public function __construct(Kohana_Config $instance, $group, array $config = array())
+	{
+		$this->_parent_instance = $instance;
+		$this->_group_name      = $group;
+
+		parent::__construct($config, ArrayObject::ARRAY_AS_PROPS);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return the current group in serialized form.
+	 *
+	 *     echo $config;
+	 *
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public function __toString()
+	{
+		return serialize($this->getArrayCopy());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Alias for getArrayCopy()
+	 *
+	 * @return array Array copy of the group's config
+	 */
+	public function as_array()
+	{
+		return $this->getArrayCopy();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the config group's name
+	 *
+	 * @return string The group name
+	 */
+	public function group_name()
+	{
+		return $this->_group_name;
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Get a variable from the configuration or return the default value.
+	 *
+	 *     $value = $config->get($key);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $key        array key
+	 * @param   mixed   $default    default value
+	 * @return  mixed
+	 */
+	public function get($key, $default = NULL)
+	{
+		return $this->offsetExists($key) ? $this->offsetGet($key) : $default;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets a value in the configuration array.
+	 *
+	 *     $config->set($key, $new_value);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $key    array key
+	 * @param   mixed   $value  array value
+	 * @return  $this
+	 */
+	public function set($key, $value)
+	{
+		$this->offsetSet($key, $value);
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Overrides ArrayObject::offsetSet()
+	 * This method is called when config is changed via 
+	 *
+	 *     $config->var = 'asd';
+	 *
+	 *     // OR
+	 *
+	 *     $config['var'] = 'asd';
+	 *
+	 * @param string $key   The key of the config item we're changing
+	 * @param mixed  $value The new array value
+	 */
+	public function offsetSet($key, $value)
+	{
+		$this->_parent_instance->_write_config($this->_group_name, $key, $value);
+
+		return parent::offsetSet($key, $value);
+	}
+}

system/classes/Kohana/Config/Reader.php

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+/**
+ * Interface for config readers
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Configuration
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2008-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+interface Kohana_Config_Reader extends Kohana_Config_Source
+{
+	
+	/**
+	 * Tries to load the specificed configuration group
+	 *
+	 * Returns FALSE if group does not exist or an array if it does
+	 *
+	 * @param  string $group Configuration group
+	 * @return boolean|array
+	 */
+	public function load($group);
+	
+}

system/classes/Kohana/Config/Source.php

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Base Config source Interface
+ *
+ * Used to identify either config readers or writers when calling [Kohana_Config::attach()]
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Configuration
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaphp.com/license
+ */
+
+interface Kohana_Config_Source {}

system/classes/Kohana/Config/Writer.php

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+/**
+ * Interface for config writers
+ *
+ * Specifies the methods that a config writer must implement 
+ * 
+ * @package Kohana
+ * @author  Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2008-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaphp.com/license
+ */
+interface Kohana_Config_Writer extends Kohana_Config_Source
+{
+	/**
+	 * Writes the passed config for $group
+	 *
+	 * Returns chainable instance on success or throws 
+	 * Kohana_Config_Exception on failure
+	 *
+	 * @param string      $group  The config group
+	 * @param string      $key    The config key to write to
+	 * @param array       $config The configuration to write
+	 * @return boolean
+	 */
+	public function write($group, $key, $config);
+}

system/classes/Kohana/Controller.php

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Abstract controller class. Controllers should only be created using a [Request].
+ *
+ * Controllers methods will be automatically called in the following order by
+ * the request:
+ *
+ *     $controller = new Controller_Foo($request);
+ *     $controller->before();
+ *     $controller->action_bar();
+ *     $controller->after();
+ *
+ * The controller action should add the output it creates to
+ * `$this->response->body($output)`, typically in the form of a [View], during the
+ * "action" part of execution.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Controller
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2008-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+abstract class Kohana_Controller {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  Request  Request that created the controller
+	 */
+	public $request;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  Response The response that will be returned from controller
+	 */
+	public $response;
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a new controller instance. Each controller must be constructed
+	 * with the request object that created it.
+	 *
+	 * @param   Request   $request  Request that created the controller
+	 * @param   Response  $response The request's response
+	 * @return  void
+	 */
+	public function __construct(Request $request, Response $response)
+	{
+		// Assign the request to the controller
+		$this->request = $request;
+
+		// Assign a response to the controller
+		$this->response = $response;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Executes the given action and calls the [Controller::before] and [Controller::after] methods.
+	 * 
+	 * Can also be used to catch exceptions from actions in a single place.
+	 * 
+	 * 1. Before the controller action is called, the [Controller::before] method
+	 * will be called.
+	 * 2. Next the controller action will be called.
+	 * 3. After the controller action is called, the [Controller::after] method
+	 * will be called.
+	 * 
+	 * @throws  HTTP_Exception_404
+	 * @return  Response
+	 */
+	public function execute()
+	{
+		// Execute the "before action" method
+		$this->before();
+
+		// Determine the action to use
+		$action = 'action_'.$this->request->action();
+
+		// If the action doesn't exist, it's a 404
+		if ( ! method_exists($this, $action))
+		{
+			throw HTTP_Exception::factory(404,
+				'The requested URL :uri was not found on this server.',
+				array(':uri' => $this->request->uri())
+			)->request($this->request);
+		}
+
+		// Execute the action itself
+		$this->{$action}();
+
+		// Execute the "after action" method
+		$this->after();
+
+		// Return the response
+		return $this->response;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Automatically executed before the controller action. Can be used to set
+	 * class properties, do authorization checks, and execute other custom code.
+	 *
+	 * @return  void
+	 */
+	public function before()
+	{
+		// Nothing by default
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Automatically executed after the controller action. Can be used to apply
+	 * transformation to the response, add extra output, and execute
+	 * other custom code.
+	 * 
+	 * @return  void
+	 */
+	public function after()
+	{
+		// Nothing by default
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Issues a HTTP redirect.
+	 *
+	 * Proxies to the [HTTP::redirect] method.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string  $uri   URI to redirect to
+	 * @param  int     $code  HTTP Status code to use for the redirect
+	 * @throws HTTP_Exception
+	 */
+	public static function redirect($uri = '', $code = 302)
+	{
+		return HTTP::redirect($uri, $code);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Checks the browser cache to see the response needs to be returned,
+	 * execution will halt and a 304 Not Modified will be sent if the
+	 * browser cache is up to date.
+	 * 
+	 *     $this->check_cache(sha1($content));
+	 * 
+	 * @param  string  $etag  Resource Etag
+	 * @return Response
+	 */
+	protected function check_cache($etag = NULL)
+	{
+		return HTTP::check_cache($this->request, $this->response, $etag);
+	}
+
+} // End Controller

system/classes/Kohana/Controller/Template.php

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Abstract controller class for automatic templating.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Controller
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2008-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+abstract class Kohana_Controller_Template extends Controller {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  View  page template
+	 */
+	public $template = 'template';
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  boolean  auto render template
+	 **/
+	public $auto_render = TRUE;
+
+	/**
+	 * Loads the template [View] object.
+	 */
+	public function before()
+	{
+		parent::before();
+
+		if ($this->auto_render === TRUE)
+		{
+			// Load the template
+			$this->template = View::factory($this->template);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Assigns the template [View] as the request response.
+	 */
+	public function after()
+	{
+		if ($this->auto_render === TRUE)
+		{
+			$this->response->body($this->template->render());
+		}
+
+		parent::after();
+	}
+
+} // End Controller_Template

system/classes/Kohana/Cookie.php

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Cookie helper.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Helpers
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2008-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Cookie {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  string  Magic salt to add to the cookie
+	 */
+	public static $salt = NULL;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  integer  Number of seconds before the cookie expires
+	 */
+	public static $expiration = 0;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  string  Restrict the path that the cookie is available to
+	 */
+	public static $path = '/';
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  string  Restrict the domain that the cookie is available to
+	 */
+	public static $domain = NULL;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  boolean  Only transmit cookies over secure connections
+	 */
+	public static $secure = FALSE;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  boolean  Only transmit cookies over HTTP, disabling Javascript access
+	 */
+	public static $httponly = FALSE;
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets the value of a signed cookie. Cookies without signatures will not
+	 * be returned. If the cookie signature is present, but invalid, the cookie
+	 * will be deleted.
+	 *
+	 *     // Get the "theme" cookie, or use "blue" if the cookie does not exist
+	 *     $theme = Cookie::get('theme', 'blue');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $key        cookie name
+	 * @param   mixed   $default    default value to return
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function get($key, $default = NULL)
+	{
+		if ( ! isset($_COOKIE[$key]))
+		{
+			// The cookie does not exist
+			return $default;
+		}
+
+		// Get the cookie value
+		$cookie = $_COOKIE[$key];
+
+		// Find the position of the split between salt and contents
+		$split = strlen(Cookie::salt($key, NULL));
+
+		if (isset($cookie[$split]) AND $cookie[$split] === '~')
+		{
+			// Separate the salt and the value
+			list ($hash, $value) = explode('~', $cookie, 2);
+
+			if (Cookie::salt($key, $value) === $hash)
+			{
+				// Cookie signature is valid
+				return $value;
+			}
+
+			// The cookie signature is invalid, delete it
+			Cookie::delete($key);
+		}
+
+		return $default;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets a signed cookie. Note that all cookie values must be strings and no
+	 * automatic serialization will be performed!
+	 *
+	 *     // Set the "theme" cookie
+	 *     Cookie::set('theme', 'red');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       name of cookie
+	 * @param   string  $value      value of cookie
+	 * @param   integer $expiration lifetime in seconds
+	 * @return  boolean
+	 * @uses    Cookie::salt
+	 */
+	public static function set($name, $value, $expiration = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($expiration === NULL)
+		{
+			// Use the default expiration
+			$expiration = Cookie::$expiration;
+		}
+
+		if ($expiration !== 0)
+		{
+			// The expiration is expected to be a UNIX timestamp
+			$expiration += time();
+		}
+
+		// Add the salt to the cookie value
+		$value = Cookie::salt($name, $value).'~'.$value;
+
+		return setcookie($name, $value, $expiration, Cookie::$path, Cookie::$domain, Cookie::$secure, Cookie::$httponly);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Deletes a cookie by making the value NULL and expiring it.
+	 *
+	 *     Cookie::delete('theme');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name   cookie name
+	 * @return  boolean
+	 * @uses    Cookie::set
+	 */
+	public static function delete($name)
+	{
+		// Remove the cookie
+		unset($_COOKIE[$name]);
+
+		// Nullify the cookie and make it expire
+		return setcookie($name, NULL, -86400, Cookie::$path, Cookie::$domain, Cookie::$secure, Cookie::$httponly);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Generates a salt string for a cookie based on the name and value.
+	 *
+	 *     $salt = Cookie::salt('theme', 'red');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name   name of cookie
+	 * @param   string  $value  value of cookie
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function salt($name, $value)
+	{
+		// Require a valid salt
+		if ( ! Cookie::$salt)
+		{
+			throw new Kohana_Exception('A valid cookie salt is required. Please set Cookie::$salt.');
+		}
+
+		// Determine the user agent
+		$agent = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ? strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) : 'unknown';
+
+		return sha1($agent.$name.$value.Cookie::$salt);
+	}
+
+} // End cookie

system/classes/Kohana/Date.php

@@ -0,0 +1,603 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Date helper.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Helpers
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2007-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Date {
+
+	// Second amounts for various time increments
+	const YEAR   = 31556926;
+	const MONTH  = 2629744;
+	const WEEK   = 604800;
+	const DAY    = 86400;
+	const HOUR   = 3600;
+	const MINUTE = 60;
+
+	// Available formats for Date::months()
+	const MONTHS_LONG  = '%B';
+	const MONTHS_SHORT = '%b';
+
+	/**
+	 * Default timestamp format for formatted_time
+	 * @var  string
+	 */
+	public static $timestamp_format = 'Y-m-d H:i:s';
+
+	/**
+	 * Timezone for formatted_time
+	 * @link http://uk2.php.net/manual/en/timezones.php
+	 * @var  string
+	 */
+	public static $timezone;
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the offset (in seconds) between two time zones. Use this to
+	 * display dates to users in different time zones.
+	 *
+	 *     $seconds = Date::offset('America/Chicago', 'GMT');
+	 *
+	 * [!!] A list of time zones that PHP supports can be found at
+	 * <http://php.net/timezones>.
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $remote timezone that to find the offset of
+	 * @param   string  $local  timezone used as the baseline
+	 * @param   mixed   $now    UNIX timestamp or date string
+	 * @return  integer
+	 */
+	public static function offset($remote, $local = NULL, $now = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($local === NULL)
+		{
+			// Use the default timezone
+			$local = date_default_timezone_get();
+		}
+
+		if (is_int($now))
+		{
+			// Convert the timestamp into a string
+			$now = date(DateTime::RFC2822, $now);
+		}
+
+		// Create timezone objects
+		$zone_remote = new DateTimeZone($remote);
+		$zone_local  = new DateTimeZone($local);
+
+		// Create date objects from timezones
+		$time_remote = new DateTime($now, $zone_remote);
+		$time_local  = new DateTime($now, $zone_local);
+
+		// Find the offset
+		$offset = $zone_remote->getOffset($time_remote) - $zone_local->getOffset($time_local);
+
+		return $offset;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Number of seconds in a minute, incrementing by a step. Typically used as
+	 * a shortcut for generating a list that can used in a form.
+	 *
+	 *     $seconds = Date::seconds(); // 01, 02, 03, ..., 58, 59, 60
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $step   amount to increment each step by, 1 to 30
+	 * @param   integer $start  start value
+	 * @param   integer $end    end value
+	 * @return  array   A mirrored (foo => foo) array from 1-60.
+	 */
+	public static function seconds($step = 1, $start = 0, $end = 60)
+	{
+		// Always integer
+		$step = (int) $step;
+
+		$seconds = array();
+
+		for ($i = $start; $i < $end; $i += $step)
+		{
+			$seconds[$i] = sprintf('%02d', $i);
+		}
+
+		return $seconds;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Number of minutes in an hour, incrementing by a step. Typically used as
+	 * a shortcut for generating a list that can be used in a form.
+	 *
+	 *     $minutes = Date::minutes(); // 05, 10, 15, ..., 50, 55, 60
+	 *
+	 * @uses    Date::seconds
+	 * @param   integer $step   amount to increment each step by, 1 to 30
+	 * @return  array   A mirrored (foo => foo) array from 1-60.
+	 */
+	public static function minutes($step = 5)
+	{
+		// Because there are the same number of minutes as seconds in this set,
+		// we choose to re-use seconds(), rather than creating an entirely new
+		// function. Shhhh, it's cheating! ;) There are several more of these
+		// in the following methods.
+		return Date::seconds($step);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Number of hours in a day. Typically used as a shortcut for generating a
+	 * list that can be used in a form.
+	 *
+	 *     $hours = Date::hours(); // 01, 02, 03, ..., 10, 11, 12
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $step   amount to increment each step by
+	 * @param   boolean $long   use 24-hour time
+	 * @param   integer $start  the hour to start at
+	 * @return  array   A mirrored (foo => foo) array from start-12 or start-23.
+	 */
+	public static function hours($step = 1, $long = FALSE, $start = NULL)
+	{
+		// Default values
+		$step = (int) $step;
+		$long = (bool) $long;
+		$hours = array();
+
+		// Set the default start if none was specified.
+		if ($start === NULL)
+		{
+			$start = ($long === FALSE) ? 1 : 0;
+		}
+
+		$hours = array();
+
+		// 24-hour time has 24 hours, instead of 12
+		$size = ($long === TRUE) ? 23 : 12;
+
+		for ($i = $start; $i <= $size; $i += $step)
+		{
+			$hours[$i] = (string) $i;
+		}
+
+		return $hours;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns AM or PM, based on a given hour (in 24 hour format).
+	 *
+	 *     $type = Date::ampm(12); // PM
+	 *     $type = Date::ampm(1);  // AM
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $hour   number of the hour
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function ampm($hour)
+	{
+		// Always integer
+		$hour = (int) $hour;
+
+		return ($hour > 11) ? 'PM' : 'AM';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Adjusts a non-24-hour number into a 24-hour number.
+	 *
+	 *     $hour = Date::adjust(3, 'pm'); // 15
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $hour   hour to adjust
+	 * @param   string  $ampm   AM or PM
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function adjust($hour, $ampm)
+	{
+		$hour = (int) $hour;
+		$ampm = strtolower($ampm);
+
+		switch ($ampm)
+		{
+			case 'am':
+				if ($hour == 12)
+				{
+					$hour = 0;
+				}
+			break;
+			case 'pm':
+				if ($hour < 12)
+				{
+					$hour += 12;
+				}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		return sprintf('%02d', $hour);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Number of days in a given month and year. Typically used as a shortcut
+	 * for generating a list that can be used in a form.
+	 *
+	 *     Date::days(4, 2010); // 1, 2, 3, ..., 28, 29, 30
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $month  number of month
+	 * @param   integer $year   number of year to check month, defaults to the current year
+	 * @return  array   A mirrored (foo => foo) array of the days.
+	 */
+	public static function days($month, $year = FALSE)
+	{
+		static $months;
+
+		if ($year === FALSE)
+		{
+			// Use the current year by default
+			$year = date('Y');
+		}
+
+		// Always integers
+		$month = (int) $month;
+		$year  = (int) $year;
+
+		// We use caching for months, because time functions are used
+		if (empty($months[$year][$month]))
+		{
+			$months[$year][$month] = array();
+
+			// Use date to find the number of days in the given month
+			$total = date('t', mktime(1, 0, 0, $month, 1, $year)) + 1;
+
+			for ($i = 1; $i < $total; $i++)
+			{
+				$months[$year][$month][$i] = (string) $i;
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $months[$year][$month];
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Number of months in a year. Typically used as a shortcut for generating
+	 * a list that can be used in a form.
+	 *
+	 * By default a mirrored array of $month_number => $month_number is returned
+	 *
+	 *     Date::months();
+	 *     // aray(1 => 1, 2 => 2, 3 => 3, ..., 12 => 12)
+	 *
+	 * But you can customise this by passing in either Date::MONTHS_LONG
+	 *
+	 *     Date::months(Date::MONTHS_LONG);
+	 *     // array(1 => 'January', 2 => 'February', ..., 12 => 'December')
+	 *
+	 * Or Date::MONTHS_SHORT
+	 *
+	 *     Date::months(Date::MONTHS_SHORT);
+	 *     // array(1 => 'Jan', 2 => 'Feb', ..., 12 => 'Dec')
+	 *
+	 * @uses    Date::hours
+	 * @param   string  $format The format to use for months
+	 * @return  array   An array of months based on the specified format
+	 */
+	public static function months($format = NULL)
+	{
+		$months = array();
+
+		if ($format === Date::MONTHS_LONG OR $format === Date::MONTHS_SHORT)
+		{
+			for ($i = 1; $i <= 12; ++$i)
+			{
+				$months[$i] = strftime($format, mktime(0, 0, 0, $i, 1));
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			$months = Date::hours();
+		}
+
+		return $months;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns an array of years between a starting and ending year. By default,
+	 * the the current year - 5 and current year + 5 will be used. Typically used
+	 * as a shortcut for generating a list that can be used in a form.
+	 *
+	 *     $years = Date::years(2000, 2010); // 2000, 2001, ..., 2009, 2010
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $start  starting year (default is current year - 5)
+	 * @param   integer $end    ending year (default is current year + 5)
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function years($start = FALSE, $end = FALSE)
+	{
+		// Default values
+		$start = ($start === FALSE) ? (date('Y') - 5) : (int) $start;
+		$end   = ($end   === FALSE) ? (date('Y') + 5) : (int) $end;
+
+		$years = array();
+
+		for ($i = $start; $i <= $end; $i++)
+		{
+			$years[$i] = (string) $i;
+		}
+
+		return $years;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns time difference between two timestamps, in human readable format.
+	 * If the second timestamp is not given, the current time will be used.
+	 * Also consider using [Date::fuzzy_span] when displaying a span.
+	 *
+	 *     $span = Date::span(60, 182, 'minutes,seconds'); // array('minutes' => 2, 'seconds' => 2)
+	 *     $span = Date::span(60, 182, 'minutes'); // 2
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $remote timestamp to find the span of
+	 * @param   integer $local  timestamp to use as the baseline
+	 * @param   string  $output formatting string
+	 * @return  string   when only a single output is requested
+	 * @return  array    associative list of all outputs requested
+	 */
+	public static function span($remote, $local = NULL, $output = 'years,months,weeks,days,hours,minutes,seconds')
+	{
+		// Normalize output
+		$output = trim(strtolower( (string) $output));
+
+		if ( ! $output)
+		{
+			// Invalid output
+			return FALSE;
+		}
+
+		// Array with the output formats
+		$output = preg_split('/[^a-z]+/', $output);
+
+		// Convert the list of outputs to an associative array
+		$output = array_combine($output, array_fill(0, count($output), 0));
+
+		// Make the output values into keys
+		extract(array_flip($output), EXTR_SKIP);
+
+		if ($local === NULL)
+		{
+			// Calculate the span from the current time
+			$local = time();
+		}
+
+		// Calculate timespan (seconds)
+		$timespan = abs($remote - $local);
+
+		if (isset($output['years']))
+		{
+			$timespan -= Date::YEAR * ($output['years'] = (int) floor($timespan / Date::YEAR));
+		}
+
+		if (isset($output['months']))
+		{
+			$timespan -= Date::MONTH * ($output['months'] = (int) floor($timespan / Date::MONTH));
+		}
+
+		if (isset($output['weeks']))
+		{
+			$timespan -= Date::WEEK * ($output['weeks'] = (int) floor($timespan / Date::WEEK));
+		}
+
+		if (isset($output['days']))
+		{
+			$timespan -= Date::DAY * ($output['days'] = (int) floor($timespan / Date::DAY));
+		}
+
+		if (isset($output['hours']))
+		{
+			$timespan -= Date::HOUR * ($output['hours'] = (int) floor($timespan / Date::HOUR));
+		}
+
+		if (isset($output['minutes']))
+		{
+			$timespan -= Date::MINUTE * ($output['minutes'] = (int) floor($timespan / Date::MINUTE));
+		}
+
+		// Seconds ago, 1
+		if (isset($output['seconds']))
+		{
+			$output['seconds'] = $timespan;
+		}
+
+		if (count($output) === 1)
+		{
+			// Only a single output was requested, return it
+			return array_pop($output);
+		}
+
+		// Return array
+		return $output;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the difference between a time and now in a "fuzzy" way.
+	 * Displaying a fuzzy time instead of a date is usually faster to read and understand.
+	 *
+	 *     $span = Date::fuzzy_span(time() - 10); // "moments ago"
+	 *     $span = Date::fuzzy_span(time() + 20); // "in moments"
+	 *
+	 * A second parameter is available to manually set the "local" timestamp,
+	 * however this parameter shouldn't be needed in normal usage and is only
+	 * included for unit tests
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $timestamp          "remote" timestamp
+	 * @param   integer $local_timestamp    "local" timestamp, defaults to time()
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function fuzzy_span($timestamp, $local_timestamp = NULL)
+	{
+		$local_timestamp = ($local_timestamp === NULL) ? time() : (int) $local_timestamp;
+
+		// Determine the difference in seconds
+		$offset = abs($local_timestamp - $timestamp);
+
+		if ($offset <= Date::MINUTE)
+		{
+			$span = 'moments';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::MINUTE * 20))
+		{
+			$span = 'a few minutes';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < Date::HOUR)
+		{
+			$span = 'less than an hour';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::HOUR * 4))
+		{
+			$span = 'a couple of hours';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < Date::DAY)
+		{
+			$span = 'less than a day';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::DAY * 2))
+		{
+			$span = 'about a day';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::DAY * 4))
+		{
+			$span = 'a couple of days';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < Date::WEEK)
+		{
+			$span = 'less than a week';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::WEEK * 2))
+		{
+			$span = 'about a week';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < Date::MONTH)
+		{
+			$span = 'less than a month';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::MONTH * 2))
+		{
+			$span = 'about a month';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::MONTH * 4))
+		{
+			$span = 'a couple of months';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < Date::YEAR)
+		{
+			$span = 'less than a year';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::YEAR * 2))
+		{
+			$span = 'about a year';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::YEAR * 4))
+		{
+			$span = 'a couple of years';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::YEAR * 8))
+		{
+			$span = 'a few years';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::YEAR * 12))
+		{
+			$span = 'about a decade';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::YEAR * 24))
+		{
+			$span = 'a couple of decades';
+		}
+		elseif ($offset < (Date::YEAR * 64))
+		{
+			$span = 'several decades';
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			$span = 'a long time';
+		}
+
+		if ($timestamp <= $local_timestamp)
+		{
+			// This is in the past
+			return $span.' ago';
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// This in the future
+			return 'in '.$span;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Converts a UNIX timestamp to DOS format. There are very few cases where
+	 * this is needed, but some binary formats use it (eg: zip files.)
+	 * Converting the other direction is done using {@link Date::dos2unix}.
+	 *
+	 *     $dos = Date::unix2dos($unix);
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $timestamp  UNIX timestamp
+	 * @return  integer
+	 */
+	public static function unix2dos($timestamp = FALSE)
+	{
+		$timestamp = ($timestamp === FALSE) ? getdate() : getdate($timestamp);
+
+		if ($timestamp['year'] < 1980)
+		{
+			return (1 << 21 | 1 << 16);
+		}
+
+		$timestamp['year'] -= 1980;
+
+		// What voodoo is this? I have no idea... Geert can explain it though,
+		// and that's good enough for me.
+		return ($timestamp['year']    << 25 | $timestamp['mon']     << 21 |
+		        $timestamp['mday']    << 16 | $timestamp['hours']   << 11 |
+		        $timestamp['minutes'] << 5  | $timestamp['seconds'] >> 1);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Converts a DOS timestamp to UNIX format.There are very few cases where
+	 * this is needed, but some binary formats use it (eg: zip files.)
+	 * Converting the other direction is done using {@link Date::unix2dos}.
+	 *
+	 *     $unix = Date::dos2unix($dos);
+	 *
+	 * @param   integer $timestamp  DOS timestamp
+	 * @return  integer
+	 */
+	public static function dos2unix($timestamp = FALSE)
+	{
+		$sec  = 2 * ($timestamp & 0x1f);
+		$min  = ($timestamp >>  5) & 0x3f;
+		$hrs  = ($timestamp >> 11) & 0x1f;
+		$day  = ($timestamp >> 16) & 0x1f;
+		$mon  = ($timestamp >> 21) & 0x0f;
+		$year = ($timestamp >> 25) & 0x7f;
+
+		return mktime($hrs, $min, $sec, $mon, $day, $year + 1980);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns a date/time string with the specified timestamp format
+	 *
+	 *     $time = Date::formatted_time('5 minutes ago');
+	 *
+	 * @link    http://www.php.net/manual/datetime.construct
+	 * @param   string  $datetime_str       datetime string
+	 * @param   string  $timestamp_format   timestamp format
+	 * @param   string  $timezone           timezone identifier
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function formatted_time($datetime_str = 'now', $timestamp_format = NULL, $timezone = NULL)
+	{
+		$timestamp_format = ($timestamp_format == NULL) ? Date::$timestamp_format : $timestamp_format;
+		$timezone         = ($timezone === NULL) ? Date::$timezone : $timezone;
+
+		$tz   = new DateTimeZone($timezone ? $timezone : date_default_timezone_get());
+		$time = new DateTime($datetime_str, $tz);
+
+		if ($time->getTimeZone()->getName() !== $tz->getName())
+		{
+			$time->setTimeZone($tz);
+		}
+
+		return $time->format($timestamp_format);
+	}
+
+} // End date

system/classes/Kohana/Debug.php

@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Contains debugging and dumping tools.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Base
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2008-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaphp.com/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Debug {
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns an HTML string of debugging information about any number of
+	 * variables, each wrapped in a "pre" tag:
+	 *
+	 *     // Displays the type and value of each variable
+	 *     echo Debug::vars($foo, $bar, $baz);
+	 *
+	 * @param   mixed   $var,...    variable to debug
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function vars()
+	{
+		if (func_num_args() === 0)
+			return;
+
+		// Get all passed variables
+		$variables = func_get_args();
+
+		$output = array();
+		foreach ($variables as $var)
+		{
+			$output[] = Debug::_dump($var, 1024);
+		}
+
+		return '<pre class="debug">'.implode("\n", $output).'</pre>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns an HTML string of information about a single variable.
+	 *
+	 * Borrows heavily on concepts from the Debug class of [Nette](http://nettephp.com/).
+	 *
+	 * @param   mixed   $value              variable to dump
+	 * @param   integer $length             maximum length of strings
+	 * @param   integer $level_recursion    recursion limit
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function dump($value, $length = 128, $level_recursion = 10)
+	{
+		return Debug::_dump($value, $length, $level_recursion);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Helper for Debug::dump(), handles recursion in arrays and objects.
+	 *
+	 * @param   mixed   $var    variable to dump
+	 * @param   integer $length maximum length of strings
+	 * @param   integer $limit  recursion limit
+	 * @param   integer $level  current recursion level (internal usage only!)
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	protected static function _dump( & $var, $length = 128, $limit = 10, $level = 0)
+	{
+		if ($var === NULL)
+		{
+			return '<small>NULL</small>';
+		}
+		elseif (is_bool($var))
+		{
+			return '<small>bool</small> '.($var ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE');
+		}
+		elseif (is_float($var))
+		{
+			return '<small>float</small> '.$var;
+		}
+		elseif (is_resource($var))
+		{
+			if (($type = get_resource_type($var)) === 'stream' AND $meta = stream_get_meta_data($var))
+			{
+				$meta = stream_get_meta_data($var);
+
+				if (isset($meta['uri']))
+				{
+					$file = $meta['uri'];
+
+					if (function_exists('stream_is_local'))
+					{
+						// Only exists on PHP >= 5.2.4
+						if (stream_is_local($file))
+						{
+							$file = Debug::path($file);
+						}
+					}
+
+					return '<small>resource</small><span>('.$type.')</span> '.htmlspecialchars($file, ENT_NOQUOTES, Kohana::$charset);
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				return '<small>resource</small><span>('.$type.')</span>';
+			}
+		}
+		elseif (is_string($var))
+		{
+			// Clean invalid multibyte characters. iconv is only invoked
+			// if there are non ASCII characters in the string, so this
+			// isn't too much of a hit.
+			$var = UTF8::clean($var, Kohana::$charset);
+
+			if (UTF8::strlen($var) > $length)
+			{
+				// Encode the truncated string
+				$str = htmlspecialchars(UTF8::substr($var, 0, $length), ENT_NOQUOTES, Kohana::$charset).'&nbsp;&hellip;';
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				// Encode the string
+				$str = htmlspecialchars($var, ENT_NOQUOTES, Kohana::$charset);
+			}
+
+			return '<small>string</small><span>('.strlen($var).')</span> "'.$str.'"';
+		}
+		elseif (is_array($var))
+		{
+			$output = array();
+
+			// Indentation for this variable
+			$space = str_repeat($s = '    ', $level);
+
+			static $marker;
+
+			if ($marker === NULL)
+			{
+				// Make a unique marker
+				$marker = uniqid("\x00");
+			}
+
+			if (empty($var))
+			{
+				// Do nothing
+			}
+			elseif (isset($var[$marker]))
+			{
+				$output[] = "(\n$space$s*RECURSION*\n$space)";
+			}
+			elseif ($level < $limit)
+			{
+				$output[] = "<span>(";
+
+				$var[$marker] = TRUE;
+				foreach ($var as $key => & $val)
+				{
+					if ($key === $marker) continue;
+					if ( ! is_int($key))
+					{
+						$key = '"'.htmlspecialchars($key, ENT_NOQUOTES, Kohana::$charset).'"';
+					}
+
+					$output[] = "$space$s$key => ".Debug::_dump($val, $length, $limit, $level + 1);
+				}
+				unset($var[$marker]);
+
+				$output[] = "$space)</span>";
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				// Depth too great
+				$output[] = "(\n$space$s...\n$space)";
+			}
+
+			return '<small>array</small><span>('.count($var).')</span> '.implode("\n", $output);
+		}
+		elseif (is_object($var))
+		{
+			// Copy the object as an array
+			$array = (array) $var;
+
+			$output = array();
+
+			// Indentation for this variable
+			$space = str_repeat($s = '    ', $level);
+
+			$hash = spl_object_hash($var);
+
+			// Objects that are being dumped
+			static $objects = array();
+
+			if (empty($var))
+			{
+				// Do nothing
+			}
+			elseif (isset($objects[$hash]))
+			{
+				$output[] = "{\n$space$s*RECURSION*\n$space}";
+			}
+			elseif ($level < $limit)
+			{
+				$output[] = "<code>{";
+
+				$objects[$hash] = TRUE;
+				foreach ($array as $key => & $val)
+				{
+					if ($key[0] === "\x00")
+					{
+						// Determine if the access is protected or protected
+						$access = '<small>'.(($key[1] === '*') ? 'protected' : 'private').'</small>';
+
+						// Remove the access level from the variable name
+						$key = substr($key, strrpos($key, "\x00") + 1);
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						$access = '<small>public</small>';
+					}
+
+					$output[] = "$space$s$access $key => ".Debug::_dump($val, $length, $limit, $level + 1);
+				}
+				unset($objects[$hash]);
+
+				$output[] = "$space}</code>";
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				// Depth too great
+				$output[] = "{\n$space$s...\n$space}";
+			}
+
+			return '<small>object</small> <span>'.get_class($var).'('.count($array).')</span> '.implode("\n", $output);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			return '<small>'.gettype($var).'</small> '.htmlspecialchars(print_r($var, TRUE), ENT_NOQUOTES, Kohana::$charset);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Removes application, system, modpath, or docroot from a filename,
+	 * replacing them with the plain text equivalents. Useful for debugging
+	 * when you want to display a shorter path.
+	 *
+	 *     // Displays SYSPATH/classes/kohana.php
+	 *     echo Debug::path(Kohana::find_file('classes', 'kohana'));
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $file   path to debug
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function path($file)
+	{
+		if (strpos($file, APPPATH) === 0)
+		{
+			$file = 'APPPATH'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.substr($file, strlen(APPPATH));
+		}
+		elseif (strpos($file, SYSPATH) === 0)
+		{
+			$file = 'SYSPATH'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.substr($file, strlen(SYSPATH));
+		}
+		elseif (strpos($file, MODPATH) === 0)
+		{
+			$file = 'MODPATH'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.substr($file, strlen(MODPATH));
+		}
+		elseif (strpos($file, DOCROOT) === 0)
+		{
+			$file = 'DOCROOT'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.substr($file, strlen(DOCROOT));
+		}
+
+		return $file;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns an HTML string, highlighting a specific line of a file, with some
+	 * number of lines padded above and below.
+	 *
+	 *     // Highlights the current line of the current file
+	 *     echo Debug::source(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $file           file to open
+	 * @param   integer $line_number    line number to highlight
+	 * @param   integer $padding        number of padding lines
+	 * @return  string   source of file
+	 * @return  FALSE    file is unreadable
+	 */
+	public static function source($file, $line_number, $padding = 5)
+	{
+		if ( ! $file OR ! is_readable($file))
+		{
+			// Continuing will cause errors
+			return FALSE;
+		}
+
+		// Open the file and set the line position
+		$file = fopen($file, 'r');
+		$line = 0;
+
+		// Set the reading range
+		$range = array('start' => $line_number - $padding, 'end' => $line_number + $padding);
+
+		// Set the zero-padding amount for line numbers
+		$format = '% '.strlen($range['end']).'d';
+
+		$source = '';
+		while (($row = fgets($file)) !== FALSE)
+		{
+			// Increment the line number
+			if (++$line > $range['end'])
+				break;
+
+			if ($line >= $range['start'])
+			{
+				// Make the row safe for output
+				$row = htmlspecialchars($row, ENT_NOQUOTES, Kohana::$charset);
+
+				// Trim whitespace and sanitize the row
+				$row = '<span class="number">'.sprintf($format, $line).'</span> '.$row;
+
+				if ($line === $line_number)
+				{
+					// Apply highlighting to this row
+					$row = '<span class="line highlight">'.$row.'</span>';
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					$row = '<span class="line">'.$row.'</span>';
+				}
+
+				// Add to the captured source
+				$source .= $row;
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Close the file
+		fclose($file);
+
+		return '<pre class="source"><code>'.$source.'</code></pre>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns an array of HTML strings that represent each step in the backtrace.
+	 *
+	 *     // Displays the entire current backtrace
+	 *     echo implode('<br/>', Debug::trace());
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $trace
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function trace(array $trace = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($trace === NULL)
+		{
+			// Start a new trace
+			$trace = debug_backtrace();
+		}
+
+		// Non-standard function calls
+		$statements = array('include', 'include_once', 'require', 'require_once');
+
+		$output = array();
+		foreach ($trace as $step)
+		{
+			if ( ! isset($step['function']))
+			{
+				// Invalid trace step
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if (isset($step['file']) AND isset($step['line']))
+			{
+				// Include the source of this step
+				$source = Debug::source($step['file'], $step['line']);
+			}
+
+			if (isset($step['file']))
+			{
+				$file = $step['file'];
+
+				if (isset($step['line']))
+				{
+					$line = $step['line'];
+				}
+			}
+
+			// function()
+			$function = $step['function'];
+
+			if (in_array($step['function'], $statements))
+			{
+				if (empty($step['args']))
+				{
+					// No arguments
+					$args = array();
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					// Sanitize the file path
+					$args = array($step['args'][0]);
+				}
+			}
+			elseif (isset($step['args']))
+			{
+				if ( ! function_exists($step['function']) OR strpos($step['function'], '{closure}') !== FALSE)
+				{
+					// Introspection on closures or language constructs in a stack trace is impossible
+					$params = NULL;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					if (isset($step['class']))
+					{
+						if (method_exists($step['class'], $step['function']))
+						{
+							$reflection = new ReflectionMethod($step['class'], $step['function']);
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							$reflection = new ReflectionMethod($step['class'], '__call');
+						}
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						$reflection = new ReflectionFunction($step['function']);
+					}
+
+					// Get the function parameters
+					$params = $reflection->getParameters();
+				}
+
+				$args = array();
+
+				foreach ($step['args'] as $i => $arg)
+				{
+					if (isset($params[$i]))
+					{
+						// Assign the argument by the parameter name
+						$args[$params[$i]->name] = $arg;
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						// Assign the argument by number
+						$args[$i] = $arg;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (isset($step['class']))
+			{
+				// Class->method() or Class::method()
+				$function = $step['class'].$step['type'].$step['function'];
+			}
+
+			$output[] = array(
+				'function' => $function,
+				'args'     => isset($args)   ? $args : NULL,
+				'file'     => isset($file)   ? $file : NULL,
+				'line'     => isset($line)   ? $line : NULL,
+				'source'   => isset($source) ? $source : NULL,
+			);
+
+			unset($function, $args, $file, $line, $source);
+		}
+
+		return $output;
+	}
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/Encrypt.php

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * The Encrypt library provides two-way encryption of text and binary strings
+ * using the [Mcrypt](http://php.net/mcrypt) extension, which consists of three
+ * parts: the key, the cipher, and the mode.
+ *
+ * The Key
+ * :  A secret passphrase that is used for encoding and decoding
+ *
+ * The Cipher
+ * :  A [cipher](http://php.net/mcrypt.ciphers) determines how the encryption
+ *    is mathematically calculated. By default, the "rijndael-128" cipher
+ *    is used. This is commonly known as "AES-128" and is an industry standard.
+ *
+ * The Mode
+ * :  The [mode](http://php.net/mcrypt.constants) determines how the encrypted
+ *    data is written in binary form. By default, the "nofb" mode is used,
+ *    which produces short output with high entropy.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Security
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2007-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Encrypt {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  string  default instance name
+	 */
+	public static $default = 'default';
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  array  Encrypt class instances
+	 */
+	public static $instances = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  string  OS-dependent RAND type to use
+	 */
+	protected static $_rand;
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns a singleton instance of Encrypt. An encryption key must be
+	 * provided in your "encrypt" configuration file.
+	 *
+	 *     $encrypt = Encrypt::instance();
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name   configuration group name
+	 * @return  Encrypt
+	 */
+	public static function instance($name = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($name === NULL)
+		{
+			// Use the default instance name
+			$name = Encrypt::$default;
+		}
+
+		if ( ! isset(Encrypt::$instances[$name]))
+		{
+			// Load the configuration data
+			$config = Kohana::$config->load('encrypt')->$name;
+
+			if ( ! isset($config['key']))
+			{
+				// No default encryption key is provided!
+				throw new Kohana_Exception('No encryption key is defined in the encryption configuration group: :group',
+					array(':group' => $name));
+			}
+
+			if ( ! isset($config['mode']))
+			{
+				// Add the default mode
+				$config['mode'] = MCRYPT_MODE_NOFB;
+			}
+
+			if ( ! isset($config['cipher']))
+			{
+				// Add the default cipher
+				$config['cipher'] = MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128;
+			}
+
+			// Create a new instance
+			Encrypt::$instances[$name] = new Encrypt($config['key'], $config['mode'], $config['cipher']);
+		}
+
+		return Encrypt::$instances[$name];
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a new mcrypt wrapper.
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $key    encryption key
+	 * @param   string  $mode   mcrypt mode
+	 * @param   string  $cipher mcrypt cipher
+	 */
+	public function __construct($key, $mode, $cipher)
+	{
+		// Find the max length of the key, based on cipher and mode
+		$size = mcrypt_get_key_size($cipher, $mode);
+
+		if (isset($key[$size]))
+		{
+			// Shorten the key to the maximum size
+			$key = substr($key, 0, $size);
+		}
+
+		// Store the key, mode, and cipher
+		$this->_key    = $key;
+		$this->_mode   = $mode;
+		$this->_cipher = $cipher;
+
+		// Store the IV size
+		$this->_iv_size = mcrypt_get_iv_size($this->_cipher, $this->_mode);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Encrypts a string and returns an encrypted string that can be decoded.
+	 *
+	 *     $data = $encrypt->encode($data);
+	 *
+	 * The encrypted binary data is encoded using [base64](http://php.net/base64_encode)
+	 * to convert it to a string. This string can be stored in a database,
+	 * displayed, and passed using most other means without corruption.
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $data   data to be encrypted
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public function encode($data)
+	{
+		// Set the rand type if it has not already been set
+		if (Encrypt::$_rand === NULL)
+		{
+			if (Kohana::$is_windows)
+			{
+				// Windows only supports the system random number generator
+				Encrypt::$_rand = MCRYPT_RAND;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				if (defined('MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM'))
+				{
+					// Use /dev/urandom
+					Encrypt::$_rand = MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM;
+				}
+				elseif (defined('MCRYPT_DEV_RANDOM'))
+				{
+					// Use /dev/random
+					Encrypt::$_rand = MCRYPT_DEV_RANDOM;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					// Use the system random number generator
+					Encrypt::$_rand = MCRYPT_RAND;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (Encrypt::$_rand === MCRYPT_RAND)
+		{
+			// The system random number generator must always be seeded each
+			// time it is used, or it will not produce true random results
+			mt_srand();
+		}
+
+		// Create a random initialization vector of the proper size for the current cipher
+		$iv = mcrypt_create_iv($this->_iv_size, Encrypt::$_rand);
+
+		// Encrypt the data using the configured options and generated iv
+		$data = mcrypt_encrypt($this->_cipher, $this->_key, $data, $this->_mode, $iv);
+
+		// Use base64 encoding to convert to a string
+		return base64_encode($iv.$data);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Decrypts an encoded string back to its original value.
+	 *
+	 *     $data = $encrypt->decode($data);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $data   encoded string to be decrypted
+	 * @return  FALSE   if decryption fails
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public function decode($data)
+	{
+		// Convert the data back to binary
+		$data = base64_decode($data, TRUE);
+
+		if ( ! $data)
+		{
+			// Invalid base64 data
+			return FALSE;
+		}
+
+		// Extract the initialization vector from the data
+		$iv = substr($data, 0, $this->_iv_size);
+
+		if ($this->_iv_size !== strlen($iv))
+		{
+			// The iv is not the expected size
+			return FALSE;
+		}
+
+		// Remove the iv from the data
+		$data = substr($data, $this->_iv_size);
+
+		// Return the decrypted data, trimming the \0 padding bytes from the end of the data
+		return rtrim(mcrypt_decrypt($this->_cipher, $this->_key, $data, $this->_mode, $iv), "\0");
+	}
+
+} // End Encrypt

system/classes/Kohana/Exception.php

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_Exception extends Kohana_Kohana_Exception {}

system/classes/Kohana/Feed.php

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * RSS and Atom feed helper.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Helpers
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2007-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Feed {
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses a remote feed into an array.
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $feed   remote feed URL
+	 * @param   integer $limit  item limit to fetch
+	 * @return  array
+	 */
+	public static function parse($feed, $limit = 0)
+	{
+		// Check if SimpleXML is installed
+		if ( ! function_exists('simplexml_load_file'))
+			throw new Kohana_Exception('SimpleXML must be installed!');
+
+		// Make limit an integer
+		$limit = (int) $limit;
+
+		// Disable error reporting while opening the feed
+		$error_level = error_reporting(0);
+
+		// Allow loading by filename or raw XML string
+		if (Valid::url($feed))
+		{
+			// Use native Request client to get remote contents
+			$response = Request::factory($feed)->execute();
+			$feed     = $response->body();
+		}
+		elseif (is_file($feed))
+		{
+			// Get file contents
+			$feed = file_get_contents($feed);
+		}
+
+		// Load the feed
+		$feed = simplexml_load_string($feed, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA);
+
+		// Restore error reporting
+		error_reporting($error_level);
+
+		// Feed could not be loaded
+		if ($feed === FALSE)
+			return array();
+
+		$namespaces = $feed->getNamespaces(TRUE);
+
+		// Detect the feed type. RSS 1.0/2.0 and Atom 1.0 are supported.
+		$feed = isset($feed->channel) ? $feed->xpath('//item') : $feed->entry;
+
+		$i = 0;
+		$items = array();
+
+		foreach ($feed as $item)
+		{
+			if ($limit > 0 AND $i++ === $limit)
+				break;
+			$item_fields = (array) $item;
+
+			// get namespaced tags
+			foreach ($namespaces as $ns)
+			{
+				$item_fields += (array) $item->children($ns);
+			}
+			$items[] = $item_fields;
+		}
+
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a feed from the given parameters.
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $info       feed information
+	 * @param   array   $items      items to add to the feed
+	 * @param   string  $encoding   define which encoding to use
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function create($info, $items, $encoding = 'UTF-8')
+	{
+		$info += array('title' => 'Generated Feed', 'link' => '', 'generator' => 'KohanaPHP');
+
+		$feed = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="'.$encoding.'"?><rss version="2.0"><channel></channel></rss>';
+		$feed = simplexml_load_string($feed);
+
+		foreach ($info as $name => $value)
+		{
+			if ($name === 'image')
+			{
+				// Create an image element
+				$image = $feed->channel->addChild('image');
+
+				if ( ! isset($value['link'], $value['url'], $value['title']))
+				{
+					throw new Kohana_Exception('Feed images require a link, url, and title');
+				}
+
+				if (strpos($value['link'], '://') === FALSE)
+				{
+					// Convert URIs to URLs
+					$value['link'] = URL::site($value['link'], 'http');
+				}
+
+				if (strpos($value['url'], '://') === FALSE)
+				{
+					// Convert URIs to URLs
+					$value['url'] = URL::site($value['url'], 'http');
+				}
+
+				// Create the image elements
+				$image->addChild('link', $value['link']);
+				$image->addChild('url', $value['url']);
+				$image->addChild('title', $value['title']);
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				if (($name === 'pubDate' OR $name === 'lastBuildDate') AND (is_int($value) OR ctype_digit($value)))
+				{
+					// Convert timestamps to RFC 822 formatted dates
+					$value = date('r', $value);
+				}
+				elseif (($name === 'link' OR $name === 'docs') AND strpos($value, '://') === FALSE)
+				{
+					// Convert URIs to URLs
+					$value = URL::site($value, 'http');
+				}
+
+				// Add the info to the channel
+				$feed->channel->addChild($name, $value);
+			}
+		}
+
+		foreach ($items as $item)
+		{
+			// Add the item to the channel
+			$row = $feed->channel->addChild('item');
+
+			foreach ($item as $name => $value)
+			{
+				if ($name === 'pubDate' AND (is_int($value) OR ctype_digit($value)))
+				{
+					// Convert timestamps to RFC 822 formatted dates
+					$value = date('r', $value);
+				}
+				elseif (($name === 'link' OR $name === 'guid') AND strpos($value, '://') === FALSE)
+				{
+					// Convert URIs to URLs
+					$value = URL::site($value, 'http');
+				}
+
+				// Add the info to the row
+				$row->addChild($name, $value);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (function_exists('dom_import_simplexml'))
+		{
+			// Convert the feed object to a DOM object
+			$feed = dom_import_simplexml($feed)->ownerDocument;
+
+			// DOM generates more readable XML
+			$feed->formatOutput = TRUE;
+
+			// Export the document as XML
+			$feed = $feed->saveXML();
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// Export the document as XML
+			$feed = $feed->asXML();
+		}
+
+		return $feed;
+	}
+
+} // End Feed

system/classes/Kohana/File.php

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * File helper class.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Helpers
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2007-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_File {
+
+	/**
+	 * Attempt to get the mime type from a file. This method is horribly
+	 * unreliable, due to PHP being horribly unreliable when it comes to
+	 * determining the mime type of a file.
+	 *
+	 *     $mime = File::mime($file);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $filename   file name or path
+	 * @return  string  mime type on success
+	 * @return  FALSE   on failure
+	 */
+	public static function mime($filename)
+	{
+		// Get the complete path to the file
+		$filename = realpath($filename);
+
+		// Get the extension from the filename
+		$extension = strtolower(pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
+
+		if (preg_match('/^(?:jpe?g|png|[gt]if|bmp|swf)$/', $extension))
+		{
+			// Use getimagesize() to find the mime type on images
+			$file = getimagesize($filename);
+
+			if (isset($file['mime']))
+				return $file['mime'];
+		}
+
+		if (class_exists('finfo', FALSE))
+		{
+			if ($info = new finfo(defined('FILEINFO_MIME_TYPE') ? FILEINFO_MIME_TYPE : FILEINFO_MIME))
+			{
+				return $info->file($filename);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (ini_get('mime_magic.magicfile') AND function_exists('mime_content_type'))
+		{
+			// The mime_content_type function is only useful with a magic file
+			return mime_content_type($filename);
+		}
+
+		if ( ! empty($extension))
+		{
+			return File::mime_by_ext($extension);
+		}
+
+		// Unable to find the mime-type
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return the mime type of an extension.
+	 *
+	 *     $mime = File::mime_by_ext('png'); // "image/png"
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $extension  php, pdf, txt, etc
+	 * @return  string  mime type on success
+	 * @return  FALSE   on failure
+	 */
+	public static function mime_by_ext($extension)
+	{
+		// Load all of the mime types
+		$mimes = Kohana::$config->load('mimes');
+
+		return isset($mimes[$extension]) ? $mimes[$extension][0] : FALSE;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Lookup MIME types for a file
+	 *
+	 * @see Kohana_File::mime_by_ext()
+	 * @param string $extension Extension to lookup
+	 * @return array Array of MIMEs associated with the specified extension
+	 */
+	public static function mimes_by_ext($extension)
+	{
+		// Load all of the mime types
+		$mimes = Kohana::$config->load('mimes');
+
+		return isset($mimes[$extension]) ? ( (array) $mimes[$extension]) : array();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Lookup file extensions by MIME type
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $type File MIME type
+	 * @return  array   File extensions matching MIME type
+	 */
+	public static function exts_by_mime($type)
+	{
+		static $types = array();
+
+		// Fill the static array
+		if (empty($types))
+		{
+			foreach (Kohana::$config->load('mimes') as $ext => $mimes)
+			{
+				foreach ($mimes as $mime)
+				{
+					if ($mime == 'application/octet-stream')
+					{
+						// octet-stream is a generic binary
+						continue;
+					}
+
+					if ( ! isset($types[$mime]))
+					{
+						$types[$mime] = array( (string) $ext);
+					}
+					elseif ( ! in_array($ext, $types[$mime]))
+					{
+						$types[$mime][] = (string) $ext;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		return isset($types[$type]) ? $types[$type] : FALSE;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Lookup a single file extension by MIME type.
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $type  MIME type to lookup
+	 * @return  mixed          First file extension matching or false
+	 */
+	public static function ext_by_mime($type)
+	{
+		return current(File::exts_by_mime($type));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Split a file into pieces matching a specific size. Used when you need to
+	 * split large files into smaller pieces for easy transmission.
+	 *
+	 *     $count = File::split($file);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $filename   file to be split
+	 * @param   integer $piece_size size, in MB, for each piece to be
+	 * @return  integer The number of pieces that were created
+	 */
+	public static function split($filename, $piece_size = 10)
+	{
+		// Open the input file
+		$file = fopen($filename, 'rb');
+
+		// Change the piece size to bytes
+		$piece_size = floor($piece_size * 1024 * 1024);
+
+		// Write files in 8k blocks
+		$block_size = 1024 * 8;
+
+		// Total number of peices
+		$peices = 0;
+
+		while ( ! feof($file))
+		{
+			// Create another piece
+			$peices += 1;
+
+			// Create a new file piece
+			$piece = str_pad($peices, 3, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
+			$piece = fopen($filename.'.'.$piece, 'wb+');
+
+			// Number of bytes read
+			$read = 0;
+
+			do
+			{
+				// Transfer the data in blocks
+				fwrite($piece, fread($file, $block_size));
+
+				// Another block has been read
+				$read += $block_size;
+			}
+			while ($read < $piece_size);
+
+			// Close the piece
+			fclose($piece);
+		}
+
+		// Close the file
+		fclose($file);
+
+		return $peices;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Join a split file into a whole file. Does the reverse of [File::split].
+	 *
+	 *     $count = File::join($file);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $filename   split filename, without .000 extension
+	 * @return  integer The number of pieces that were joined.
+	 */
+	public static function join($filename)
+	{
+		// Open the file
+		$file = fopen($filename, 'wb+');
+
+		// Read files in 8k blocks
+		$block_size = 1024 * 8;
+
+		// Total number of peices
+		$pieces = 0;
+
+		while (is_file($piece = $filename.'.'.str_pad($pieces + 1, 3, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT)))
+		{
+			// Read another piece
+			$pieces += 1;
+
+			// Open the piece for reading
+			$piece = fopen($piece, 'rb');
+
+			while ( ! feof($piece))
+			{
+				// Transfer the data in blocks
+				fwrite($file, fread($piece, $block_size));
+			}
+
+			// Close the peice
+			fclose($piece);
+		}
+
+		return $pieces;
+	}
+
+} // End file

system/classes/Kohana/Form.php

@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Form helper class. Unless otherwise noted, all generated HTML will be made
+ * safe using the [HTML::chars] method. This prevents against simple XSS
+ * attacks that could otherwise be trigged by inserting HTML characters into
+ * form fields.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Helpers
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2007-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_Form {
+
+	/**
+	 * Generates an opening HTML form tag.
+	 *
+	 *     // Form will submit back to the current page using POST
+	 *     echo Form::open();
+	 *
+	 *     // Form will submit to 'search' using GET
+	 *     echo Form::open('search', array('method' => 'get'));
+	 *
+	 *     // When "file" inputs are present, you must include the "enctype"
+	 *     echo Form::open(NULL, array('enctype' => 'multipart/form-data'));
+	 *
+	 * @param   mixed   $action     form action, defaults to the current request URI, or [Request] class to use
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    Request::instance
+	 * @uses    URL::site
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function open($action = NULL, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($action instanceof Request)
+		{
+			// Use the current URI
+			$action = $action->uri();
+		}
+
+		if ( ! $action)
+		{
+			// Allow empty form actions (submits back to the current url).
+			$action = '';
+		}
+		elseif (strpos($action, '://') === FALSE)
+		{
+			// Make the URI absolute
+			$action = URL::site($action);
+		}
+
+		// Add the form action to the attributes
+		$attributes['action'] = $action;
+
+		// Only accept the default character set
+		$attributes['accept-charset'] = Kohana::$charset;
+
+		if ( ! isset($attributes['method']))
+		{
+			// Use POST method
+			$attributes['method'] = 'post';
+		}
+
+		return '<form'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates the closing form tag.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::close();
+	 *
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function close()
+	{
+		return '</form>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a form input. If no type is specified, a "text" type input will
+	 * be returned.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::input('username', $username);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   string  $value      input value
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function input($name, $value = NULL, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		// Set the input name
+		$attributes['name'] = $name;
+
+		// Set the input value
+		$attributes['value'] = $value;
+
+		if ( ! isset($attributes['type']))
+		{
+			// Default type is text
+			$attributes['type'] = 'text';
+		}
+
+		return '<input'.HTML::attributes($attributes).' />';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a hidden form input.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::hidden('csrf', $token);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   string  $value      input value
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    Form::input
+	 */
+	public static function hidden($name, $value = NULL, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		$attributes['type'] = 'hidden';
+
+		return Form::input($name, $value, $attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a password form input.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::password('password');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   string  $value      input value
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    Form::input
+	 */
+	public static function password($name, $value = NULL, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		$attributes['type'] = 'password';
+
+		return Form::input($name, $value, $attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a file upload form input. No input value can be specified.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::file('image');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    Form::input
+	 */
+	public static function file($name, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		$attributes['type'] = 'file';
+
+		return Form::input($name, NULL, $attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a checkbox form input.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::checkbox('remember_me', 1, (bool) $remember);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   string  $value      input value
+	 * @param   boolean $checked    checked status
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    Form::input
+	 */
+	public static function checkbox($name, $value = NULL, $checked = FALSE, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		$attributes['type'] = 'checkbox';
+
+		if ($checked === TRUE)
+		{
+			// Make the checkbox active
+			$attributes[] = 'checked';
+		}
+
+		return Form::input($name, $value, $attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a radio form input.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::radio('like_cats', 1, $cats);
+	 *     echo Form::radio('like_cats', 0, ! $cats);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   string  $value      input value
+	 * @param   boolean $checked    checked status
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    Form::input
+	 */
+	public static function radio($name, $value = NULL, $checked = FALSE, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		$attributes['type'] = 'radio';
+
+		if ($checked === TRUE)
+		{
+			// Make the radio active
+			$attributes[] = 'checked';
+		}
+
+		return Form::input($name, $value, $attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a textarea form input.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::textarea('about', $about);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name           textarea name
+	 * @param   string  $body           textarea body
+	 * @param   array   $attributes     html attributes
+	 * @param   boolean $double_encode  encode existing HTML characters
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 * @uses    HTML::chars
+	 */
+	public static function textarea($name, $body = '', array $attributes = NULL, $double_encode = TRUE)
+	{
+		// Set the input name
+		$attributes['name'] = $name;
+
+		// Add default rows and cols attributes (required)
+		$attributes += array('rows' => 10, 'cols' => 50);
+
+		return '<textarea'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'>'.HTML::chars($body, $double_encode).'</textarea>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a select form input.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::select('country', $countries, $country);
+	 *
+	 * [!!] Support for multiple selected options was added in v3.0.7.
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   array   $options    available options
+	 * @param   mixed   $selected   selected option string, or an array of selected options
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function select($name, array $options = NULL, $selected = NULL, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		// Set the input name
+		$attributes['name'] = $name;
+
+		if (is_array($selected))
+		{
+			// This is a multi-select, god save us!
+			$attributes[] = 'multiple';
+		}
+
+		if ( ! is_array($selected))
+		{
+			if ($selected === NULL)
+			{
+				// Use an empty array
+				$selected = array();
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				// Convert the selected options to an array
+				$selected = array( (string) $selected);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (empty($options))
+		{
+			// There are no options
+			$options = '';
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			foreach ($options as $value => $name)
+			{
+				if (is_array($name))
+				{
+					// Create a new optgroup
+					$group = array('label' => $value);
+
+					// Create a new list of options
+					$_options = array();
+
+					foreach ($name as $_value => $_name)
+					{
+						// Force value to be string
+						$_value = (string) $_value;
+
+						// Create a new attribute set for this option
+						$option = array('value' => $_value);
+
+						if (in_array($_value, $selected))
+						{
+							// This option is selected
+							$option[] = 'selected';
+						}
+
+						// Change the option to the HTML string
+						$_options[] = '<option'.HTML::attributes($option).'>'.HTML::chars($_name, FALSE).'</option>';
+					}
+
+					// Compile the options into a string
+					$_options = "\n".implode("\n", $_options)."\n";
+
+					$options[$value] = '<optgroup'.HTML::attributes($group).'>'.$_options.'</optgroup>';
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					// Force value to be string
+					$value = (string) $value;
+
+					// Create a new attribute set for this option
+					$option = array('value' => $value);
+
+					if (in_array($value, $selected))
+					{
+						// This option is selected
+						$option[] = 'selected';
+					}
+
+					// Change the option to the HTML string
+					$options[$value] = '<option'.HTML::attributes($option).'>'.HTML::chars($name, FALSE).'</option>';
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Compile the options into a single string
+			$options = "\n".implode("\n", $options)."\n";
+		}
+
+		return '<select'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'>'.$options.'</select>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a submit form input.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::submit(NULL, 'Login');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   string  $value      input value
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    Form::input
+	 */
+	public static function submit($name, $value, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		$attributes['type'] = 'submit';
+
+		return Form::input($name, $value, $attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a image form input.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::image(NULL, NULL, array('src' => 'media/img/login.png'));
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   string  $value      input value
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @param   boolean $index      add index file to URL?
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    Form::input
+	 */
+	public static function image($name, $value, array $attributes = NULL, $index = FALSE)
+	{
+		if ( ! empty($attributes['src']))
+		{
+			if (strpos($attributes['src'], '://') === FALSE)
+			{
+				// Add the base URL
+				$attributes['src'] = URL::base($index).$attributes['src'];
+			}
+		}
+
+		$attributes['type'] = 'image';
+
+		return Form::input($name, $value, $attributes);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a button form input. Note that the body of a button is NOT escaped,
+	 * to allow images and other HTML to be used.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::button('save', 'Save Profile', array('type' => 'submit'));
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       input name
+	 * @param   string  $body       input value
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function button($name, $body, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		// Set the input name
+		$attributes['name'] = $name;
+
+		return '<button'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'>'.$body.'</button>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a form label. Label text is not automatically translated.
+	 *
+	 *     echo Form::label('username', 'Username');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $input      target input
+	 * @param   string  $text       label text
+	 * @param   array   $attributes html attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function label($input, $text = NULL, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($text === NULL)
+		{
+			// Use the input name as the text
+			$text = ucwords(preg_replace('/[\W_]+/', ' ', $input));
+		}
+
+		// Set the label target
+		$attributes['for'] = $input;
+
+		return '<label'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'>'.$text.'</label>';
+	}
+
+} // End form

system/classes/Kohana/Fragment.php

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * View fragment caching. This is primarily used to cache small parts of a view
+ * that rarely change. For instance, you may want to cache the footer of your
+ * template because it has very little dynamic content. Or you could cache a
+ * user profile page and delete the fragment when the user updates.
+ *
+ * For obvious reasons, fragment caching should not be applied to any
+ * content that contains forms.
+ *
+ * [!!] Multiple language (I18n) support was added in v3.0.4.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Helpers
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2009-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ * @uses       Kohana::cache
+ */
+class Kohana_Fragment {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  integer  default number of seconds to cache for
+	 */
+	public static $lifetime = 30;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  boolean  use multilingual fragment support?
+	 */
+	public static $i18n = FALSE;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  array  list of buffer => cache key
+	 */
+	protected static $_caches = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * Generate the cache key name for a fragment.
+	 *
+	 *     $key = Fragment::_cache_key('footer', TRUE);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name   fragment name
+	 * @param   boolean $i18n   multilingual fragment support
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    I18n::lang
+	 * @since   3.0.4
+	 */
+	protected static function _cache_key($name, $i18n = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($i18n === NULL)
+		{
+			// Use the default setting
+			$i18n = Fragment::$i18n;
+		}
+
+		// Language prefix for cache key
+		$i18n = ($i18n === TRUE) ? I18n::lang() : '';
+
+		// Note: $i18n and $name need to be delimited to prevent naming collisions
+		return 'Fragment::cache('.$i18n.'+'.$name.')';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Load a fragment from cache and display it. Multiple fragments can
+	 * be nested with different life times.
+	 *
+	 *     if ( ! Fragment::load('footer')) {
+	 *         // Anything that is echo'ed here will be saved
+	 *         Fragment::save();
+	 *     }
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name       fragment name
+	 * @param   integer $lifetime   fragment cache lifetime
+	 * @param   boolean $i18n       multilingual fragment support
+	 * @return  boolean
+	 */
+	public static function load($name, $lifetime = NULL, $i18n = NULL)
+	{
+		// Set the cache lifetime
+		$lifetime = ($lifetime === NULL) ? Fragment::$lifetime : (int) $lifetime;
+
+		// Get the cache key name
+		$cache_key = Fragment::_cache_key($name, $i18n);
+
+		if ($fragment = Kohana::cache($cache_key, NULL, $lifetime))
+		{
+			// Display the cached fragment now
+			echo $fragment;
+
+			return TRUE;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// Start the output buffer
+			ob_start();
+
+			// Store the cache key by the buffer level
+			Fragment::$_caches[ob_get_level()] = $cache_key;
+
+			return FALSE;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Saves the currently open fragment in the cache.
+	 *
+	 *     Fragment::save();
+	 *
+	 * @return  void
+	 */
+	public static function save()
+	{
+		// Get the buffer level
+		$level = ob_get_level();
+
+		if (isset(Fragment::$_caches[$level]))
+		{
+			// Get the cache key based on the level
+			$cache_key = Fragment::$_caches[$level];
+
+			// Delete the cache key, we don't need it anymore
+			unset(Fragment::$_caches[$level]);
+
+			// Get the output buffer and display it at the same time
+			$fragment = ob_get_flush();
+
+			// Cache the fragment
+			Kohana::cache($cache_key, $fragment);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Delete a cached fragment.
+	 *
+	 *     Fragment::delete($key);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $name   fragment name
+	 * @param   boolean $i18n   multilingual fragment support
+	 * @return  void
+	 */
+	public static function delete($name, $i18n = NULL)
+	{
+		// Invalid the cache
+		Kohana::cache(Fragment::_cache_key($name, $i18n), NULL, -3600);
+	}
+
+} // End Fragment

system/classes/Kohana/HTML.php

@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * HTML helper class. Provides generic methods for generating various HTML
+ * tags and making output HTML safe.
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   Helpers
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @copyright  (c) 2007-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaframework.org/license
+ */
+class Kohana_HTML {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  array  preferred order of attributes
+	 */
+	public static $attribute_order = array
+	(
+		'action',
+		'method',
+		'type',
+		'id',
+		'name',
+		'value',
+		'href',
+		'src',
+		'width',
+		'height',
+		'cols',
+		'rows',
+		'size',
+		'maxlength',
+		'rel',
+		'media',
+		'accept-charset',
+		'accept',
+		'tabindex',
+		'accesskey',
+		'alt',
+		'title',
+		'class',
+		'style',
+		'selected',
+		'checked',
+		'readonly',
+		'disabled',
+	);
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  boolean  use strict XHTML mode?
+	 */
+	public static $strict = TRUE;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  boolean  automatically target external URLs to a new window?
+	 */
+	public static $windowed_urls = FALSE;
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert special characters to HTML entities. All untrusted content
+	 * should be passed through this method to prevent XSS injections.
+	 *
+	 *     echo HTML::chars($username);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $value          string to convert
+	 * @param   boolean $double_encode  encode existing entities
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function chars($value, $double_encode = TRUE)
+	{
+		return htmlspecialchars( (string) $value, ENT_QUOTES, Kohana::$charset, $double_encode);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Convert all applicable characters to HTML entities. All characters
+	 * that cannot be represented in HTML with the current character set
+	 * will be converted to entities.
+	 *
+	 *     echo HTML::entities($username);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $value          string to convert
+	 * @param   boolean $double_encode  encode existing entities
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function entities($value, $double_encode = TRUE)
+	{
+		return htmlentities( (string) $value, ENT_QUOTES, Kohana::$charset, $double_encode);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Create HTML link anchors. Note that the title is not escaped, to allow
+	 * HTML elements within links (images, etc).
+	 *
+	 *     echo HTML::anchor('/user/profile', 'My Profile');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $uri        URL or URI string
+	 * @param   string  $title      link text
+	 * @param   array   $attributes HTML anchor attributes
+	 * @param   mixed   $protocol   protocol to pass to URL::base()
+	 * @param   boolean $index      include the index page
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    URL::base
+	 * @uses    URL::site
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function anchor($uri, $title = NULL, array $attributes = NULL, $protocol = NULL, $index = TRUE)
+	{
+		if ($title === NULL)
+		{
+			// Use the URI as the title
+			$title = $uri;
+		}
+
+		if ($uri === '')
+		{
+			// Only use the base URL
+			$uri = URL::base($protocol, $index);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (strpos($uri, '://') !== FALSE)
+			{
+				if (HTML::$windowed_urls === TRUE AND empty($attributes['target']))
+				{
+					// Make the link open in a new window
+					$attributes['target'] = '_blank';
+				}
+			}
+			elseif ($uri[0] !== '#')
+			{
+				// Make the URI absolute for non-id anchors
+				$uri = URL::site($uri, $protocol, $index);
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Add the sanitized link to the attributes
+		$attributes['href'] = $uri;
+
+		return '<a'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'>'.$title.'</a>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates an HTML anchor to a file. Note that the title is not escaped,
+	 * to allow HTML elements within links (images, etc).
+	 *
+	 *     echo HTML::file_anchor('media/doc/user_guide.pdf', 'User Guide');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $file       name of file to link to
+	 * @param   string  $title      link text
+	 * @param   array   $attributes HTML anchor attributes
+	 * @param   mixed   $protocol   protocol to pass to URL::base()
+	 * @param   boolean $index      include the index page
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    URL::base
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function file_anchor($file, $title = NULL, array $attributes = NULL, $protocol = NULL, $index = FALSE)
+	{
+		if ($title === NULL)
+		{
+			// Use the file name as the title
+			$title = basename($file);
+		}
+
+		// Add the file link to the attributes
+		$attributes['href'] = URL::site($file, $protocol, $index);
+
+		return '<a'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'>'.$title.'</a>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates an email (mailto:) anchor. Note that the title is not escaped,
+	 * to allow HTML elements within links (images, etc).
+	 *
+	 *     echo HTML::mailto($address);
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $email      email address to send to
+	 * @param   string  $title      link text
+	 * @param   array   $attributes HTML anchor attributes
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function mailto($email, $title = NULL, array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($title === NULL)
+		{
+			// Use the email address as the title
+			$title = $email;
+		}
+
+		return '<a href="&#109;&#097;&#105;&#108;&#116;&#111;&#058;'.$email.'"'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'>'.$title.'</a>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a style sheet link element.
+	 *
+	 *     echo HTML::style('media/css/screen.css');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $file       file name
+	 * @param   array   $attributes default attributes
+	 * @param   mixed   $protocol   protocol to pass to URL::base()
+	 * @param   boolean $index      include the index page
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    URL::base
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function style($file, array $attributes = NULL, $protocol = NULL, $index = FALSE)
+	{
+		if (strpos($file, '://') === FALSE)
+		{
+			// Add the base URL
+			$file = URL::site($file, $protocol, $index);
+		}
+
+		// Set the stylesheet link
+		$attributes['href'] = $file;
+
+		// Set the stylesheet rel
+		$attributes['rel'] = empty($attributes['rel']) ? 'stylesheet' : $attributes['rel'];
+
+		// Set the stylesheet type
+		$attributes['type'] = 'text/css';
+
+		return '<link'.HTML::attributes($attributes).' />';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a script link.
+	 *
+	 *     echo HTML::script('media/js/jquery.min.js');
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $file       file name
+	 * @param   array   $attributes default attributes
+	 * @param   mixed   $protocol   protocol to pass to URL::base()
+	 * @param   boolean $index      include the index page
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    URL::base
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function script($file, array $attributes = NULL, $protocol = NULL, $index = FALSE)
+	{
+		if (strpos($file, '://') === FALSE)
+		{
+			// Add the base URL
+			$file = URL::site($file, $protocol, $index);
+		}
+
+		// Set the script link
+		$attributes['src'] = $file;
+
+		// Set the script type
+		$attributes['type'] = 'text/javascript';
+
+		return '<script'.HTML::attributes($attributes).'></script>';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a image link.
+	 *
+	 *     echo HTML::image('media/img/logo.png', array('alt' => 'My Company'));
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $file       file name
+	 * @param   array   $attributes default attributes
+	 * @param   mixed   $protocol   protocol to pass to URL::base()
+	 * @param   boolean $index      include the index page
+	 * @return  string
+	 * @uses    URL::base
+	 * @uses    HTML::attributes
+	 */
+	public static function image($file, array $attributes = NULL, $protocol = NULL, $index = FALSE)
+	{
+		if (strpos($file, '://') === FALSE)
+		{
+			// Add the base URL
+			$file = URL::site($file, $protocol, $index);
+		}
+
+		// Add the image link
+		$attributes['src'] = $file;
+
+		return '<img'.HTML::attributes($attributes).' />';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Compiles an array of HTML attributes into an attribute string.
+	 * Attributes will be sorted using HTML::$attribute_order for consistency.
+	 *
+	 *     echo '<div'.HTML::attributes($attrs).'>'.$content.'</div>';
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $attributes attribute list
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function attributes(array $attributes = NULL)
+	{
+		if (empty($attributes))
+			return '';
+
+		$sorted = array();
+		foreach (HTML::$attribute_order as $key)
+		{
+			if (isset($attributes[$key]))
+			{
+				// Add the attribute to the sorted list
+				$sorted[$key] = $attributes[$key];
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Combine the sorted attributes
+		$attributes = $sorted + $attributes;
+
+		$compiled = '';
+		foreach ($attributes as $key => $value)
+		{
+			if ($value === NULL)
+			{
+				// Skip attributes that have NULL values
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if (is_int($key))
+			{
+				// Assume non-associative keys are mirrored attributes
+				$key = $value;
+
+				if ( ! HTML::$strict)
+				{
+					// Just use a key
+					$value = FALSE;
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Add the attribute key
+			$compiled .= ' '.$key;
+
+			if ($value OR HTML::$strict)
+			{
+				// Add the attribute value
+				$compiled .= '="'.HTML::chars($value).'"';
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $compiled;
+	}
+
+} // End html

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP.php

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+/**
+ * Contains the most low-level helpers methods in Kohana:
+ *
+ * - Environment initialization
+ * - Locating files within the cascading filesystem
+ * - Auto-loading and transparent extension of classes
+ * - Variable and path debugging
+ *
+ * @package    Kohana
+ * @category   HTTP
+ * @author     Kohana Team
+ * @since      3.1.0
+ * @copyright  (c) 2008-2012 Kohana Team
+ * @license    http://kohanaphp.com/license
+ */
+abstract class Kohana_HTTP {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  The default protocol to use if it cannot be detected
+	 */
+	public static $protocol = 'HTTP/1.1';
+
+	/**
+	 * Issues a HTTP redirect.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string    $uri       URI to redirect to
+	 * @param  int       $code      HTTP Status code to use for the redirect
+	 * @throws HTTP_Exception
+	 */
+	public static function redirect($uri = '', $code = 302)
+	{
+		$e = HTTP_Exception::factory($code);
+
+		if ( ! $e instanceof HTTP_Exception_Redirect)
+			throw new Kohana_Exception('Invalid redirect code \':code\'', array(
+				':code' => $code
+			));
+
+		throw $e->location($uri);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Checks the browser cache to see the response needs to be returned,
+	 * execution will halt and a 304 Not Modified will be sent if the
+	 * browser cache is up to date.
+	 * 
+	 * @param  Request   $request   Request
+	 * @param  Response  $response  Response
+	 * @param  string    $etag      Resource ETag
+	 * @throws HTTP_Exception_304
+	 * @return Response
+	 */
+	public static function check_cache(Request $request, Response $response, $etag = NULL)
+	{
+		// Generate an etag if necessary
+		if ($etag == NULL)
+		{
+			$etag = $response->generate_etag();
+		}
+
+		// Set the ETag header
+		$response->headers('etag', $etag);
+
+		// Add the Cache-Control header if it is not already set
+		// This allows etags to be used with max-age, etc
+		if ($response->headers('cache-control'))
+		{
+			$response->headers('cache-control', $response->headers('cache-control').', must-revalidate');
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			$response->headers('cache-control', 'must-revalidate');
+		}
+
+		// Check if we have a matching etag
+		if ($request->headers('if-none-match') AND (string) $request->headers('if-none-match') === $etag)
+		{
+			// No need to send data again
+			throw HTTP_Exception::factory(304)->headers('etag', $etag);
+		}
+
+		return $response;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses a HTTP header string into an associative array
+	 *
+	 * @param   string   $header_string  Header string to parse
+	 * @return  HTTP_Header
+	 */
+	public static function parse_header_string($header_string)
+	{
+		// If the PECL HTTP extension is loaded
+		if (extension_loaded('http'))
+		{
+			// Use the fast method to parse header string
+			return new HTTP_Header(http_parse_headers($header_string));
+		}
+
+		// Otherwise we use the slower PHP parsing
+		$headers = array();
+
+		// Match all HTTP headers
+		if (preg_match_all('/(\w[^\s:]*):[ ]*([^\r\n]*(?:\r\n[ \t][^\r\n]*)*)/', $header_string, $matches))
+		{
+			// Parse each matched header
+			foreach ($matches[0] as $key => $value)
+			{
+				// If the header has not already been set
+				if ( ! isset($headers[$matches[1][$key]]))
+				{
+					// Apply the header directly
+					$headers[$matches[1][$key]] = $matches[2][$key];
+				}
+				// Otherwise there is an existing entry
+				else
+				{
+					// If the entry is an array
+					if (is_array($headers[$matches[1][$key]]))
+					{
+						// Apply the new entry to the array
+						$headers[$matches[1][$key]][] = $matches[2][$key];
+					}
+					// Otherwise create a new array with the entries
+					else
+					{
+						$headers[$matches[1][$key]] = array(
+							$headers[$matches[1][$key]],
+							$matches[2][$key],
+						);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Return the headers
+		return new HTTP_Header($headers);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses the the HTTP request headers and returns an array containing
+	 * key value pairs. This method is slow, but provides an accurate
+	 * representation of the HTTP request.
+	 *
+	 *      // Get http headers into the request
+	 *      $request->headers = HTTP::request_headers();
+	 *
+	 * @return  HTTP_Header
+	 */
+	public static function request_headers()
+	{
+		// If running on apache server
+		if (function_exists('apache_request_headers'))
+		{
+			// Return the much faster method
+			return new HTTP_Header(apache_request_headers());
+		}
+		// If the PECL HTTP tools are installed
+		elseif (extension_loaded('http'))
+		{
+			// Return the much faster method
+			return new HTTP_Header(http_get_request_headers());
+		}
+
+		// Setup the output
+		$headers = array();
+
+		// Parse the content type
+		if ( ! empty($_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE']))
+		{
+			$headers['content-type'] = $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'];
+		}
+
+		// Parse the content length
+		if ( ! empty($_SERVER['CONTENT_LENGTH']))
+		{
+			$headers['content-length'] = $_SERVER['CONTENT_LENGTH'];
+		}
+
+		foreach ($_SERVER as $key => $value)
+		{
+			// If there is no HTTP header here, skip
+			if (strpos($key, 'HTTP_') !== 0)
+			{
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			// This is a dirty hack to ensure HTTP_X_FOO_BAR becomes x-foo-bar
+			$headers[str_replace(array('HTTP_', '_'), array('', '-'), $key)] = $value;
+		}
+
+		return new HTTP_Header($headers);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Processes an array of key value pairs and encodes
+	 * the values to meet RFC 3986
+	 *
+	 * @param   array   $params  Params
+	 * @return  string
+	 */
+	public static function www_form_urlencode(array $params = array())
+	{
+		if ( ! $params)
+			return;
+
+		$encoded = array();
+
+		foreach ($params as $key => $value)
+		{
+			$encoded[] = $key.'='.rawurlencode($value);
+		}
+
+		return implode('&', $encoded);
+	}
+} // End Kohana_HTTP

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception.php

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+abstract class Kohana_HTTP_Exception extends Kohana_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates an HTTP_Exception of the specified type.
+	 * 
+	 * @param   integer $code       the http status code
+	 * @param   string  $message    status message, custom content to display with error
+	 * @param   array   $variables  translation variables
+	 * @return  HTTP_Exception
+	 */
+	public static function factory($code, $message = NULL, array $variables = NULL, Exception $previous = NULL)
+	{
+		$class = 'HTTP_Exception_'.$code;
+		
+		return new $class($message, $variables, $previous);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  int        http status code
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 0;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var  Request    Request instance that triggered this exception.
+	 */
+	protected $_request;
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a new translated exception.
+	 *
+	 *     throw new Kohana_Exception('Something went terrible wrong, :user',
+	 *         array(':user' => $user));
+	 *
+	 * @param   string  $message    status message, custom content to display with error
+	 * @param   array   $variables  translation variables
+	 * @return  void
+	 */
+	public function __construct($message = NULL, array $variables = NULL, Exception $previous = NULL)
+	{
+		parent::__construct($message, $variables, $this->_code, $previous);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Store the Request that triggered this exception.
+	 * 
+	 * @param   Request   $request  Request object that triggered this exception.
+	 * @return  Response
+	 */
+	public function request(Request $request = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($request === NULL)
+			return $this->_request;
+		
+		$this->_request = $request;
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Generate a Response for the current Exception
+	 * 
+	 * @uses   Kohana_Exception::response()
+	 * @return Response
+	 */
+	public function get_response()
+	{
+		return Kohana_Exception::response($this);
+	}
+
+} // End Kohana_HTTP_Exception

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/300.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_300 extends HTTP_Exception_Redirect {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 300 Multiple Choices
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 300;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/301.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_301 extends HTTP_Exception_Redirect {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 301 Moved Permanently
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 301;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/302.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_302 extends HTTP_Exception_Redirect {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 302 Found
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 302;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/303.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_303 extends HTTP_Exception_Redirect {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 303 See Other
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 303;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/304.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_304 extends HTTP_Exception_Expected {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 304 Not Modified
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 304;
+	
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/305.php

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_305 extends HTTP_Exception_Expected {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 305 Use Proxy
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 305;
+
+	/**
+	 * Specifies the proxy to replay this request via
+	 * 
+	 * @param  string  $location  URI of the proxy
+	 */
+	public function location($uri = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($uri === NULL)
+			return $this->headers('Location');
+
+		$this->headers('Location', $uri);
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Validate this exception contains everything needed to continue.
+	 * 
+	 * @throws Kohana_Exception
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function check()
+	{
+		if ($location = $this->headers('location') === NULL)
+			throw new Kohana_Exception('A \'location\' must be specified for a redirect');
+
+		if (strpos($location, '://') === FALSE)
+			throw new Kohana_Exception('An absolute URI to the proxy server must be specified');
+
+		return TRUE;
+	}
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/307.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_307 extends HTTP_Exception_Redirect {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 307 Temporary Redirect
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 307;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/400.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_400 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 400 Bad Request
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 400;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/401.php

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_401 extends HTTP_Exception_Expected {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 401 Unauthorized
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 401;
+
+	/**
+	 * Specifies the WWW-Authenticate challenge.
+	 * 
+	 * @param  string  $challenge  WWW-Authenticate challenge (eg `Basic realm="Control Panel"`)
+	 */
+	public function authenticate($challenge = NULL)
+	{
+		if ($challenge === NULL)
+			return $this->headers('www-authenticate');
+		
+		$this->headers('www-authenticate', $challenge);
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Validate this exception contains everything needed to continue.
+	 * 
+	 * @throws Kohana_Exception
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function check()
+	{
+		if ($this->headers('www-authenticate') === NULL)
+			throw new Kohana_Exception('A \'www-authenticate\' header must be specified for a HTTP 401 Unauthorized');
+
+		return TRUE;
+	}
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/402.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_402 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 402 Payment Required
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 402;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/403.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_403 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 403 Forbidden
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 403;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/404.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_404 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 404 Not Found
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 404;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/405.php

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_405 extends HTTP_Exception_Expected {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 405 Method Not Allowed
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 405;
+
+	/**
+	 * Specifies the list of allowed HTTP methods
+	 * 
+	 * @param  array $methods List of allowed methods
+	 */
+	public function allowed($methods)
+	{
+		if (is_array($methods))
+		{
+			$methods = implode(',', $methods);
+		}
+
+		$this->headers('allow', $methods);
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Validate this exception contains everything needed to continue.
+	 * 
+	 * @throws Kohana_Exception
+	 * @return bool
+	 */
+	public function check()
+	{
+		if ($location = $this->headers('allow') === NULL)
+			throw new Kohana_Exception('A list of allowed methods must be specified');
+
+		return TRUE;
+	}
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/406.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_406 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 406 Not Acceptable
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 406;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/407.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_407 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 407 Proxy Authentication Required
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 407;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/408.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_408 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 408 Request Timeout
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 408;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/409.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_409 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 409 Conflict
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 409;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/410.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_410 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 410 Gone
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 410;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/411.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_411 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 411 Length Required
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 411;
+
+}

system/classes/Kohana/HTTP/Exception/412.php

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No direct script access.');
+
+class Kohana_HTTP_Exception_412 extends HTTP_Exception {
+
+	/**
+	 * @var   integer    HTTP 412 Precondition Failed
+	 */
+	protected $_code = 412;
+
+}